Malaria parasites in the phylum Apicomplexa (Order: Haemosporida) infect diverse vertebrates and invertebrate hosts. At least seven genera of haemosporidian parasites have been described to exclusively infect bats. Most of these parasites remain enigmatic with a poorly known host range. Here, we investigated 271 bats belonging to 21 species and seven families from six provinces of Thailand. Overall, 124 out of 271 bats (45.8%) were positive for haemosporidian parasites, while none had Plasmodium, based on microscopic examination of blood smears and PCR amplification. We obtained 19 distinct cytochrome b (cytb) nucleotide haplotypes of Hepatocystis from seven bat species (families: Craseonycteridae, Hipposideridae, Pteropodidae, and Rhinolophidae). Nycteria was found in four bat species (Craseonycteridae, Emballonuridae, Megadermatidae, and Pteropodidae) and Polychromophilus in two species (Emballonuridae, Vespertilionidae). Phylogenetic analysis inferred from cytb sequences placed Hepatocystis into 2 different clades. Most Hepatocystis infections were found in insectivorous bats and clustered together with a sequence from Hipposideros larvatus in Cambodia (in subclade 1a). A single sequence of Hepatocystis obtained from a frugivorous bat, Cynopterus brachyotis, was placed in the same clade with Hepatocystis from the same bat species previously reported in Malaysia (clade 2). Nycteria in these Thai bats were clearly separated from the African isolates previously reported in bats in the family Rhinolophidae. Polychromophilus murinus from Myotis siligorensis was placed in a distinct clade (clade 2) from Polychromophilus melanipherus isolated from Taphozous melanopogon (clade 1). These results confirmed that at least two distinct species of Polychromophilus are found in Thailand. Collectively, Hepatocystis presented no host specificity. Although Megaderma spasma seemed to be infected by only Nycteria, its respective parasite does not show specificity to only a single bat host. Polychromophilus murinus and P. melanipherus seem to infect a narrower host range or are somehow restricted to bats in the families Vespertilionidae and Emballonuridae, respectively.

蚜虫门（疟原虫）的疟原虫感染各种脊椎动物和无脊椎动物宿主。据描述，至少有7个属的血吸虫性寄生虫专门感染蝙蝠。这些寄生虫大多数仍然是未知的寄主范围而神秘。在这里，我们调查了来自泰国六个省的21种蝙蝠和7个科的271只蝙蝠。总体而言，根据血液涂片的显微镜检查和PCR扩增，在271头蝙蝠中，有124头（45.8％）的血友病寄生虫呈阳性，而没有疟原虫。我们从七个蝙蝠物种（家族：龟甲科，河马科，翼足类和鼻科）获得了19种不同的肝囊虫细胞色素b（cytb）核苷酸单倍型。Nycteria分四个蝙蝠（Craseonycteridae，Emballonuridae，假吸血蝠科，和狐蝠），发现Polychromophilus在两个物种（Emballonuridae，Vespertilionidae）。从cytb序列推断的系统发生分析将肝囊肿分为两个不同的进化枝。多数肝囊虫感染是在食虫蝙蝠中发现的，并与来自柬埔寨的沙棘幼虫的序列聚集在一起（在第1a小节中）。的单个序列Hepatocystis从食果蝙蝠，获得犬蝠brachyotis，放置在具有相同进化枝Hepatocystis来自马来西亚先前报道的相同蝙蝠物种（第2类）。这些泰国蝙蝠中的夜蛾明显与以前在犀科科的蝙蝠中报告的非洲分离株分离。Polychromophilus鼱从鼠耳siligorensis置于从一个不同的进化枝（进化枝2）Polychromophilus melanipherus分离自墓蝠属melanopogon（进化枝1） 。这些结果证实了在泰国至少发现了两种不同的多嗜铬菌。总的来说，肝囊肿没有宿主特异性。虽然Megaderma痉挛似乎仅被Nycteria感染，其各自的寄生虫仅对单个蝙蝠寄主没有特异性。嗜多色嗜铬菌和黑疟原虫似乎感染较窄的寄主范围，或以某种方式分别局限于Vespertilionidae科和Emballonuridae科的蝙蝠。