To make a reasonable reliability improvement strategy for CNC equipment, it is necessary to clearly understand the fault relation characteristics and the weak links of reliability. While the fault complexity of CNC equipment makes the fault relation characteristics unclear, it is very difficult to determine the weak link of reliability. Therefore, a fault analysis method for CNC equipment based on decision-making and trial evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL)/interpretive structure modeling (ISM)/analytic network process (ANP) is proposed in this study to describe the relationship between CNC equipment faults accurately and identify reliability weaknesses. First, the fault mechanism was analyzed by the fault phenomenon, and the fault factors of the CNC equipment were identified in view of the system. Second, DEMATEL/ISM/ANP method was adopted to integrate the interaction direction and intensity between the failure factors, hierarchical structure of the factors, and their relative importance, and a hierarchical network structure model for CNC equipment fault factors was built. Finally, according to the analysis results of the aforementioned model, the fault factors of the CNC equipment were divided into drive, link, dependence, and independent fault factors, and the identification of the weak link of reliability was completed. Results show that the proposed method can quantify the fault factors of the CNC equipment and clearly identify the main direction of its reliability improvement.

要制定合理的数控设备可靠性改进策略，必须清楚地了解故障关系特征和可靠性的薄弱环节。尽管数控设备的故障复杂性使故障关系特征不清楚，但很难确定可靠性的薄弱环节。因此，本研究提出了一种基于决策与试验评估实验室（DEMATEL）/解释结构建模（ISM）/分析网络过程（ANP）的数控设备故障分析方法，以准确地描述数控设备故障与故障之间的关系。找出可靠性弱点。首先，通过故障现象分析故障机理，并根据系统识别数控设备的故障因素。第二，采用DEMATEL / ISM / ANP方法对失效因素之间的相互作用方向和强度，失效因素的层次结构及其相对重要性进行综合，建立了数控设备故障因素的层次网络结构模型。最后，根据上述模型的分析结果，将数控设备的故障因素分为驱动因素，环节因素，依存因素和独立因素，完成了可靠性薄弱环节的识别。结果表明，该方法可以量化数控设备的故障因素，并明确确定其可靠性提高的主要方向。建立了数控设备故障因素的分层网络结构模型。最后，根据上述模型的分析结果，将数控设备的故障因素分为驱动因素，环节因素，依存因素和独立因素，完成了可靠性薄弱环节的识别。结果表明，该方法可以量化数控设备的故障因素，并明确确定其可靠性提高的主要方向。建立了数控设备故障因素的分层网络结构模型。最后，根据上述模型的分析结果，将数控设备的故障因素分为驱动因素，环节因素，依存因素和独立因素，完成了可靠性薄弱环节的识别。结果表明，该方法可以量化数控设备的故障因素，并明确确定其可靠性提高的主要方向。