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Sensorimotor performance and haptic support in simulated weightlessness.
Experimental Brain Research ( IF 2 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-07 , DOI: 10.1007/s00221-020-05898-5
Bernhard Weber 1 , Michael Panzirsch 1 , Freek Stulp 1 , Stefan Schneider 2
Affiliation  

The success of many space missions critically depends on human capabilities and performance. Yet, it is known that sensorimotor performance is degraded under conditions of weightlessness. Therefore, astronauts prepare for their missions in simulated weightlessness under water. In the present study, we investigated sensorimotor performance in simulated weightlessness (induced by shallow water immersion) and whether performance can be improved by choosing appropriate haptic settings of the human–machine interface (e.g., motion damping). Twenty-two participants performed basic aiming and tracking tasks with a force feedback joystick under water and on land and with different haptic settings of the joystick (no haptics, three spring stiffnesses, and two motion dampings). While higher resistive forces should be avoided for rapid aiming tasks in simulated weightlessness, tracking performance is best with higher motions damping in both land and water setups, although the performance losses due to water immersion cannot be compensated. The overall result pattern also provides insights into the causal mechanism behind the slowing effect during aiming motions and decreased accuracy of tracking motions in simulated weightlessness. Findings provide evidence that distorted proprioception due to altered muscle spindle activity seemingly is the main trigger of impaired sensorimotor performance in simulated weightlessness.



中文翻译:

模拟失重状态下的感觉运动性能和触觉支持。

许多太空任务的成功关键取决于人类的能力和表现。然而,众所周知,在失重条件下感觉运动性能会下降。因此,宇航员在水下模拟失重状态下为他们的任务做准备。在本研究中,我们研究了模拟失重(由浅水浸泡引起)中的感觉运动性能,以及是否可以通过选择适当的人机界面触觉设置(例如运动阻尼)来提高性能。22 名参与者在水下和陆地上使用力反馈操纵杆以及不同的操纵杆触觉设置(无触觉、三个弹簧刚度和两个运动阻尼)执行基本的瞄准和跟踪任务。虽然在模拟失重条件下进行快速瞄准任务时应避免较高的阻力,但在陆地和水中设置时,跟踪性能最好在较高的运动阻尼下实现,尽管无法补偿由于浸入水中而导致的性能损失。总体结果模式还提供了对瞄准运动期间减慢效应和模拟失重中跟踪运动准确性降低背后的因果机制的见解。研究结果证明,由于肌梭活动改变而导致的本体感觉扭曲似乎是模拟失重状态下感觉运动性能受损的主要原因。

更新日期:2020-08-08
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