The spray formation and breakup process in an open-end swirl injector were studied through experiments and numerical simulations. A high-speed shadowgraph system and a high-speed backlight system were adopted to record the spray. Volume of fluid was used as the interface tracking method to capture the evolution process. The filling process of the liquid film inside the injector was captured. The air core formation process as observed in the experiments differed from that depicted by the numerical simulation results. The results revealed that the spray pattern of the cross-section at the tangential inlets also varied during the filling process. The evolution of the holes on the liquid film and ligaments was observed. It was determined that the liquid sheet repeatedly exhibited thinning, instability, shedding, breakup, and coalescence in the spray formation and breakup process. The spray pattern underwent the distorted pencil stage, onion stage, tulip stage, and fully developed stage with the increased injection pressure drop. The formation process of the open-end swirl injector also underwent these four stages under an injection pressure drop of 0.5 MPa.

通过实验和数值模拟研究了开式旋流喷射器中喷雾的形成和破碎过程。采用高速阴影系统和高速背光系统来记录喷雾。使用流体体积作为界面跟踪方法来捕获演化过程。捕捉到注射器内液膜的填充过程。实验中观察到的空气核心形成过程与数值模拟结果所描绘的不同。结果表明，切向入口处横截面的喷射模式在填充过程中也发生变化。观察液膜和韧带上孔洞的演变。确定了液层在喷雾形成和破碎过程中反复表现出变薄、不稳定、脱落、破碎和聚结。随着喷射压降的增加，喷雾形态经历了扭曲铅笔阶段、洋葱阶段、郁金香阶段和完全展开阶段。开式旋流喷射器在喷射压降为0.5 MPa的情况下，形成过程也经历了这四个阶段。