Abstract

Fusarium graminearum Schw. is associated with diseases in seeds and seedlings, mainly in maize, and causes damage to crops and food production. We determined the chemical compositions of essential oils from Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) Benth and Baccharis dracunculifolia DC., and evaluated their antioxidant and antifungal activity against F. graminearum. The oils were applied to the fungus using disc diffusion technique at concentrations of 8.0, 4.0, 2.0 and 1.0 μL mL⁻¹. Fungistatic effects of P. cablin oil were detectable at 8.0 μL mL⁻¹, with 80.0% inhibition of fungal growth. This oil contains mono and sesquiterpenes that may be toxic to fungal cell structures. P. cablin oil also had antioxidant activity in free radical sequestration experiments, where as oil from B. dracunculifolia had limited effects. We conclude that essential oil from P. cablin has greater anti-phytopathogenic and antioxidant activity than that from B. dracunculifolia.

摘要

Fusarium graminearum Schw. 与种子和幼苗（主要是玉米）中的疾病有关，并对作物和粮食生产造成损害。我们确定了来自Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) Benth 和Baccharis dracunculifolia DC.的精油的化学成分，并评估了它们对禾谷镰刀菌的抗氧化和抗真菌活性。使用圆盘扩散技术将油以8.0、4.0、2.0和1.0 μL mL ^-1的浓度施用于真菌。在 8.0 μL mL ^{-1时可检测到}P. cablin油的抑菌效果，抑制了 80.0% 的真菌生长。这种油含有可能对真菌细胞结构有毒的单萜和倍半萜。P. cablin油在自由基隔离实验中也具有抗氧化活性，而来自B. dracunculifolia的油效果有限。我们得出结论，来自P. cablin的精油比来自B. dracunculifolia的精油具有更强的抗植物病原体和抗氧化活性。