Abstract Poor dispersion of nanoparticles in polymer matrix would limit the development and application of particulate-filled polymer composites. Therefore, the Sb2O3 nanoparticles were functionalized by a combination of cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) and silane coupling agent KH-560 via water bath modification method so as to improve the dispersion of Sb2O3 nanoparticles in poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) matrix and enhance the interfacial adhesion between nanoparticles and polymer matrix. Besides, the coating efficiency of compound modifiers on the surface of Sb2O3 nanoparticles was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The Sb2O3 nanoparticles with different morphologies were systemically measured using transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering measurement. The effects of particle surface treatment, particle size, particle morphology and particle loading on mechanical properties of composites were studied by the X-ray diffraction (XRD), tensile test machine and impact strength machine. The tensile strength of nanocomposites gradually increases with decreasing the particle size at the same amount of Sb2O3 nanoparticle fillers, which is attributed to improvement of interfacial contact area and stronger interfacial adhesion between Sb2O3 nanoparticles and PBT matrix. And the compound modified Sb2O3 nanoparticles are homogeneously dispersed in PBT matrix and play an important role in the properties enhancement. Moreover, taking consideration of the tensile and impact strengths, the optimal loading is 3 wt%.

中文翻译：

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填充 Sb2O3 纳米颗粒的聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯：颗粒表面处理、颗粒尺寸、颗粒形态和颗粒负载对复合材料机械性能的影响

摘要 纳米粒子在聚合物基体中的分散性差将限制颗粒填充聚合物复合材料的发展和应用。因此，通过水浴改性的方法，通过十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTAB）和硅烷偶联剂KH-560的组合对Sb2O3纳米颗粒进行功能化，以改善Sb2O3纳米颗粒在聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯（PBT）基体中的分散性和增强纳米颗粒与聚合物基体之间的界面粘附。此外，通过傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）、热重分析（TGA）表征了复合改性剂在 Sb2O3 纳米粒子表面的包覆效率。使用透射电子显微镜和动态光散射测量系统地测量了具有不同形态的 Sb2O3 纳米粒子。通过X射线衍射(XRD)、拉伸试验机和冲击强度机研究了颗粒表面处理、粒径、颗粒形貌和颗粒负载量对复合材料力学性能的影响。在Sb2O3纳米颗粒填料用量相同的情况下，纳米复合材料的拉伸强度随着粒径的减小而逐渐增加，这归因于界面接触面积的提高和Sb2O3纳米颗粒与PBT基体之间更强的界面粘附力。并且复合改性的Sb2O3纳米颗粒均匀地分散在PBT基体中，在性能增强方面发挥着重要作用。而且，