Freshly harvested Bambara groundnut (BGN) is occasionally consumed raw and can potentially become infected with mycotoxingenic field fungi. In this study, BGN samples were obtained from 12 farms in three districts of Mpumalanga in South Africa. Eight pooled samples were screened for multi‐mycotoxin contamination using Ultra Performance Liquid‐Chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC‐MS/MS). To identify mycoflora, 12 samples were screened using conventional and molecular methods. Selected potential mycotoxin producing isolates were screened for mycotoxins using UPLC‐MS/MS. No mycotoxins were detected on the freshly harvested BGN samples, but they were infected with various mycotoxin producing fungal species namely Aspergillus flavus (50%), Penicillium citrinum (25%), Penicillium oxalicum (17%), Penicillium citreoviridin (0.8%), and Fusarium verticillioides (0.8%). Following screening of selected fungal cultures, aflatoxin B₁ (0.4, 0.45 and 0.4 ppm) and fumonisin B₁ (0.7 ppm) were detected from A. flavus and F. verticillioides, respectively. Identification of mycotoxigenic fungi on freshly harvested BGN presents a potential health risk.

中文翻译：

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来自南非姆普马兰加的新鲜收获的Bambara花生（Vigna subterranea）种子被致真菌毒素污染

新鲜收获的Bambara花生（BGN）偶尔是未经食用的，并且可能会感染致真菌毒素的田间真菌。在这项研究中，BGN样本是从南非Mpumalanga三个地区的12个农场获得的。使用超高效液相色谱串联质谱（UPLC-MS / MS）对8个合并样品进行了多真菌毒素污染筛查。为了鉴定分枝杆菌，使用常规和分子方法筛选了12个样品。使用UPLC-MS / MS对选定的潜在产霉菌毒素菌株进行了霉菌毒素筛选。在新鲜收获的BGN样品中未检测到霉菌毒素，但它们感染了各种产生真菌毒素的真菌，包括黄曲霉（50％），柠檬青霉（25％），草酸青霉菌（17％），柑桔青霉菌青霉菌（0.8％）和小镰刀菌（0.8％）。以下选择的真菌培养物的筛选，黄曲霉毒素₁（0.4，0.45和0.4 PPM）和伏马菌素乙₁（0.7）的中心峰从检测黄曲霉和F.轮枝分别。在新鲜收获的BGN上鉴定致毒毒素真菌存在潜在的健康风险。