Crystallographic defects exist in many redox active energy materials, e.g., battery and catalyst materials, which significantly alter their chemical properties for energy storage and conversion. However, there is lack of quantitative understanding of the interrelationship between crystallographic defects and redox reactions. Herein, crystallographic defects, such as geometrically necessary dislocations, are reported to influence the redox reactions in battery particles through single‐particle, multimodal, and in situ synchrotron measurements. Through Laue X‐ray microdiffraction, many crystallographic defects are spatially identified and statistically quantified from a large quantity of diffraction patterns in many layered oxide particles, including geometrically necessary dislocations, tilt boundaries, and mixed defects. The in situ and ex situ measurements, combining microdiffraction and X‐ray spectroscopy imaging, reveal that LiCoO₂ particles with a higher concentration of geometrically necessary dislocations provide deeper charging reactions, indicating that dislocations may facilitate redox reactions in layered oxides during initial charging. The present study illustrates that a precise control of crystallographic defects and their distribution can potentially promote and homogenize redox reactions in battery materials.

中文翻译：

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由原位单颗粒同步加速器测量揭示的电池材料中几何上必要的位错促进的充电反应。

晶体缺陷存在于许多氧化还原活性能量材料中，例如电池和催化剂材料，这些缺陷极大地改变了其化学性质，以进行能量存储和转化。但是，缺乏对晶体学缺陷和氧化还原反应之间相互关系的定量理解。本文中，据报道晶体学缺陷（例如几何上必要的位错）会通过单粒子，多峰和原位同步加速器测量影响电池粒子中的氧化还原反应。通过劳厄X射线微衍射，可以从许多层状氧化物颗粒中的大量衍射图样中对许多晶体学缺陷进行空间识别和统计量化，包括几何上必要的位错，倾斜边界和混合缺陷。_2个具有较高几何必要位错浓度的粒子提供了更深的带电反应，表明位错可能会在初始带电期间促进层状氧化物中的氧化还原反应。本研究表明，精确控制晶体缺陷及其分布可能会促进和均匀化电池材料中的氧化还原反应。