This paper presents a novel predictive direct torque control (PDTC) for permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) using the zero voltage vector and a selected voltage vector from the 12 available voltage vectors. The 12 voltage vectors consist of 6 effective voltage vectors and 6 combinational voltage vectors to improve control performance. To select the optimum voltage vector for each of the operating conditions, the predictive flux and torque at the zero voltage vector that consider both the back EMF (electromotive force) and the decoupling effect, are used to determine the voltage vector. The PWM (pulse width modulation) duty ratio to reduce torque and flux ripples can be determined by three factors: the reference flux and torque using a zero voltage vector, the predictive flux and torque using a zero voltage vector, and the predictive flux and torque using a selected voltage vector. Due to the linear ratio of the predictive torque and the flux errors in the next sampling, the proper duty ratio to reduce ripples can be easily obtained by the zero voltage and selected voltage vectors. To further reduce ripples, an additional 6 combinational voltage vectors are used, which are the result of combining the duty ratios of the adjacent two effective voltage vectors. Furthermore, a multi-level flux hysteresis band is designed to select the optimal voltage vector according to the operating conditions among the available 12 voltage vectors. The proposed PDTC scheme is verified by simulation and experiments using a practical 1 [kW] PMSM. In both the simulation and experiments results, the proposed PDTC scheme shows advanced control performance with reduced torque and flux ripples and reduced steady state error.

中文翻译：

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基于零电压和 12 个电压矢量的 PMSM 预测 DTC-PWM

本文提出了一种用于永磁同步电机 (PMSM) 的新型预测直接转矩控制 (PDTC)，它使用零电压矢量和从 12 个可用电压矢量中选择的电压矢量。12 个电压矢量由 6 个有效电压矢量和 6 个组合电压矢量组成，以提高控制性能。为了为每个操作条件选择最佳电压矢量，在零电压矢量处的预测磁通和扭矩同时考虑了反电动势（电动势）和去耦效应，用于确定电压矢量。用于减少转矩和磁通脉动的 PWM（脉宽调制）占空比可由三个因素确定：使用零电压矢量的参考磁通和转矩，使用零电压矢量的预测磁通和转矩，以及使用选定电压矢量的预测磁通和扭矩。由于预测转矩和下一次采样中的磁通误差的线性比，可以通过零电压和选定的电压矢量轻松获得适当的占空比以减少纹波。为了进一步减少纹波，使用了额外的 6 个组合电压向量，这是组合相邻两个有效电压向量的占空比的结果。此外，还设计了多级磁滞磁滞带，以在可用的 12 个电压矢量中根据运行条件选择最佳电压矢量。所提出的 PDTC 方案通过使用实际 1 [kW] PMSM 的模拟和实验进行了验证。在模拟和实验结果中，