Ligustrum lucidum is a highly invasive East Asian tree that successfully colonizes several subtropical and temperate areas around the world. Its invasion capacity results from a widespread human use mostly in urban and periurban settings, very abundant fruit and seed production, small bird-dispersed fruits, high germination rates, resprouting capacity, fast growth rates, low herbivory levels and tolerance to a wide range of light, temperature and soil. All these traits contribute to its ability to rapidly increase in abundance, alter biodiversity, landscape ecology and limit its management. This paper reviews the current knowledge on L. lucidum with particular focus on its uses, distribution, invasiveness, ecological and economic impacts and control measures. Most relevant aspect of the review highlight the negative ecological impacts of L. lucidum, its potential to continue expanding its range of distribution and the need of further studies on the eco-physiology of the species, economic impact and social perception of its invasion and early warning systems.

中文翻译：

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女贞子 (OLEACEAE) 入侵的全球回顾

女贞子是一种高度侵入性的东亚树木，成功地在世界各地的几个亚热带和温带地区定居。它的入侵能力源于人类广泛使用，主要是在城市和郊区环境中，非常丰富的水果和种子产量，小鸟分散的水果，高发芽率，重新发芽能力，快速生长速度，低食草水平和对广泛的耐受性光、温度和土壤。所有这些特征都有助于其快速增加丰度、改变生物多样性、景观生态和限制其管理的能力。本文回顾了目前关于灵芝的知识，特别关注其用途、分布、侵入性、生态和经济影响以及控制措施。审查的最相关方面强调了 L.