Surface treatment techniques, that is, smoothing and burnishing, help to define the cultural, traditional, and economical state of an ancient society. They prove artistic feelings combined with practical skills were used to obtain more attractive and highly functional objects. This paper aims to prepare the reader to investigate ceramic surfaces and discern between different treatments. Interpretation of the finishing techniques is based mainly on a wide variety of surface topography. Both treatments plastically deform the surface and tend to diminish its roughness, but the results are strikingly different. A smoothed surface has still large irregularities and a dull or matte appearance due to the diffuse reflection of light. A burnished surface has only small-sized irregularities and is glossy/lustrous due to specular reflection of light. Smoothing slightly aligns the platy minerals only at the very surface, whereas, burnishing may create two separate individual levels: A burnish peel and a subsurface layer. The differences are evidenced by all applied analytical methods, such as macroscopy, optical microscopy, electron microprobe, scanning electron microscopy, and vertical scanning interferometry.

中文翻译：

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陶瓷技术。如何调查表面光洁度

表面处理技术，即平滑和打磨，有助于定义古代社会的文化，传统和经济状态。他们证明了结合实际技能的艺术感觉被用来获得更具吸引力和功能性更高的对象。本文旨在为读者提供准备，以研究陶瓷表面并辨别不同的处理方法。精加工技术的解释主要基于各种各样的表面形貌。两种处理都会使表面塑性变形并趋于减小其粗糙度，但是结果却截然不同。由于光的漫反射，平滑的表面仍具有较大的不规则性，并且表面无光泽或无光泽。经过抛光的表面只有很小的不规则形状，并且由于光的镜面反射而具有光泽/光泽。平滑仅使板状矿物在其表面稍微对齐，而打磨可能会创建两个单独的单独级别：打磨皮和地下层。所有应用的分析方法（例如，宏观显微镜，光学显微镜，电子显微镜，扫描电子显微镜和垂直扫描干涉仪）都证明了这些差异。