Bisphenol A (BPA), an intermediate chemical used for synthesizing polycarbonate plastics, has now become a wide spread organic pollutant. It percolates from a variety of sources, and plants are among the first organisms to encounter, absorb, and metabolize it, while its toxic effects are not yet fully known. Therefore, we experimentally studied the effects of aqueous BPA solutions (50 and 100 mg L⁻¹, for 6, 12, and 24 h) on photosystem II (PSII) functionality and evaluated the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) on detached leaves of the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Chlorophyll fluorescence imaging analysis revealed a spatiotemporal heterogeneity in the quantum yields of light energy partitioning at PSII in Arabidopsis leaves exposed to BPA. Under low light PSII function was negatively influenced only at the spot-affected BPA zone in a dose- and time-dependent manner, while at the whole leaf only the maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) was negatively affected. However, under high light all PSII photosynthetic parameters measured were negatively affected by BPA application, in a time-dependent manner. The affected leaf areas by the spot-like mode of BPA action showed reduced chlorophyll autofluorescence and increased accumulation of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂). When H₂O₂ was scavenged via N-acetylcysteine under BPA exposure, PSII functionality was suspended, while H₂O₂ scavenging under non-stress had more detrimental effects on PSII function than BPA alone. It can be concluded that the necrotic death-like spots under BPA exposure could be due to ROS accumulation, but also H₂O₂ generation seems to play a role in the leaf response against BPA-related stress conditions.

双酚A（BPA）是用于合成聚碳酸酯塑料的中间化学品，现已成为一种广泛传播的有机污染物。它从各种来源渗出，植物是最早遇到，吸收和代谢它的生物之一，但其毒性作用尚不完全清楚。因此，我们实验研究了BPA水溶液（50和100 mg L ^-1，分别持续6、12和24 h）对光系统II（PSII）功能的影响，并评估了活性氧（ROS）在离体叶片上的作用模型工厂的拟南芥。叶绿素荧光成像分析显示PSII中光能分配的量子产量时空异质性。拟南芥暴露于双酚A。在弱光下，PSII功能仅在受点影响的BPA区域受到剂量和时间依赖性的负面影响，而在整个叶片上，最大光化学效率（Fv/F米）受到负面影响。但是，在强光下，所有测得的PSII光合作用参数都会受到时间依赖性地受到BPA的不利影响。BPA作用的点状模式影响的叶区域显示出叶绿素自发荧光减少和过氧化氢（H ₂ O ₂）积累增加。当清除H ₂ O ₂时通过在BPA暴露下，N-乙酰半胱氨酸会暂停PSII功能，而在非压力下清除H ₂ O ₂对PSII功能的危害要大于单独BPA。可以得出结论，BPA暴露下的坏死样斑点可能是由于ROS积累引起的，但是H ₂ O _2的产生似乎在叶片对BPA相关胁迫条件下的反应中也起作用。