Construction of motorways and road traffic bring a new line element into the landscape, which fundamentally influences the local hydrological regime and water quality. Impermeable surfaces are introduced into the landscape, affecting the natural infiltration of water in the environment. The aim of the present research was to assess the long-term historical development of changes in the landscape retention potential due to construction of the D1 motorway in the Jihlava region and also evaluate the impact of winter maintenance on the quality of surface waters and soils. During the reference period, the research area showed an increase in land take and related increases in soil sealing by impermeable surfaces due to the construction of the D1 motorway. This fact has clearly contributed to the deterioration of the retention potential of the landscape in the area. Chloride concentrations of both matrices were evaluated in relation to the amount of de-icing salt applied at the sites and precipitation recorded in this region. Water samples collected at the outflow contained in all cases higher concentrations of chloride than samples of the inflow water. The highest chloride concentration in soil was measured in samples collected at a distance of 2 m from the road.

中文翻译：

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降水、盐分在冬季道路养护中的应用与高速公路周边水路和土壤质量的关系

高速公路和道路交通的建设为景观带来了新的线元素，从根本上影响了当地的水文状况和水质。不透水表面被引入景观，影响水在环境中的自然渗透。本研究的目的是评估因伊赫拉瓦地区 D1 高速公路建设而导致景观保留潜力变化的长期历史发展，并评估冬季维护对地表水和土壤质量的影响。在参考期内，由于 D1 高速公路的建设，研究区域显示了土地占用的增加和不透水表面土壤密封的相关增加。这一事实显然导致了该地区景观保留潜力的恶化。两种基质的氯化物浓度都根据现场应用的除冰盐量和该地区记录的降水量进行了评估。在所有情况下，在流出处收集的水样都含有比流入水样更高的氯化物浓度。在距离道路 2 m 处收集的样品中测量到土壤中最高的氯化物浓度。