Background: Endocrine mechanisms can be a determining factor in the neuromuscular performance of young athletes. Objective: The objective of the present study was to relate maturational and hormonal markers to neuromuscular performance, as well as to verify whether young athletes with different testosterone levels show differences in muscle strength. Methods: The sample consisted of 37 young male Brazilian athletes (11.3 ± 0.94 years) who were members of a sports initiation project. Hormonal markers were analyzed biochemically by blood samples, and maturation markers by mathematical models based on anthropometry. Body composition was verified by tetrapolar bioimpedance. The performance of upper and lower limb strength and body speed were analyzed. Results: Hormonal and maturational markers were related to neuromuscular performance (p < 0.05). Young people with higher testosterone levels showed higher muscle strength (p < 0.05). Artificial neural networks showed that testosterone predicted the performance of upper limbs by 49%, and maturation by 60%. Maturation foreshadowed the performance of lower limbs by 30.3%. Conclusion: Biological maturation and hormonal levels can be related to neuromuscular performance, and young people with higher testosterone levels show superior muscle strength in relation to the others.

中文翻译：

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激素水平和青春期不同会影响年轻运动员的神经肌肉性能吗？

背景：内分泌机制可能是年轻运动员神经肌肉性能的决定因素。目的：本研究的目的是将成熟和激素指标与神经肌肉性能相关联，并验证具有不同睾丸激素水平的年轻运动员是否显示出肌肉力量的差异。方法：样本由37名巴西男青年运动员（11.3±0.94岁）组成，他们是体育运动项目的成员。通过血样对激素标记物进行生化分析，通过基于人体测量学的数学模型对成熟标记物进行生化分析。通过四极生物阻抗验证了身体成分。分析上肢和下肢的力量表现和身体速度。结果：激素和成熟标志物与神经肌肉性能有关（p＜0.05）。睾丸激素水平较高的年轻人显示出较高的肌肉力量（p <0.05）。人工神经网络显示，睾丸激素预测上肢的表现为49％，成熟预测为60％。成熟预示了下肢的表现为30.3％。结论：生物成熟和激素水平可能与神经肌肉性能有关，睾丸激素水平较高的年轻人显示出比其他人更高的肌肉力量。