School-based child nutrition programs provide students with meals and snacks that align with guidelines for a healthy eating pattern. However, participation is not universal, and research on the determinants of food selection is needed to improve school nutrition practices and policies. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between grade level (i.e., grade school, middle school, or high school) as well as meal participation category (i.e., only breakfast, only lunch, or both) and food trying and liking in a large urban school district. Outcomes were measured using an online survey completed by students from 2nd through 12th grade (n = 21,540). Breakfast and lunch item liking scores were higher among the grade school and middle school students than among the high school students. Breakfast and lunch liking scores were also higher among those who participated in both breakfast and lunch as opposed to those who only participated in one meal. Food item liking scores were positively correlated with the percentage of students who had tried the particular foods (r = 0.52, p < 0.001), and the number of foods tried was dependent on both grade level and meal participation category (F(4, 21,531) = 10.994, p < 0.001). In this survey of students, both grade level and meal participation category were found to be related to the liking of foods, while foods that were tried more often tended to be liked more. Future studies should consider grade level and meal participation when exploring student preferences. School nutrition programs should also consider these factors when assessing satisfaction.

中文翻译：

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与年级和进餐有关的饮食尝试和喜好。

校本的儿童营养计划为学生提供符合健康饮食习惯的膳食和零食。但是，参与不是普遍的，需要研究食物选择的决定因素以改善学校的营养做法和政策。这项研究的目的是检查年级（即小学，初中或高中）以及就餐参与类别（即仅早餐，仅午餐或两者兼有）与尝试和喜欢的食物之间的关系。一个大型的城市学区。结果使用的在线调查通过12年级的学生从第二个（已完成测量ñ= 21,540）。小学和初中学生的早餐和午餐项目喜好分数高于高中学生。早餐和午餐同时参加者的早餐和午餐喜欢评分也高于仅参加一顿饭者。喜爱食物的分数与尝试过特定食物的学生百分比呈正相关（r = 0.52，p <0.001），尝试食物的数量取决于年级和进餐类别（F（4，21,531 ）= 10.994，p<0.001）。在这项对学生的调查中，发现年级和进餐类别都与食物的喜好有关，而尝试次数更多的食物往往更受欢迎。在探索学生的喜好时，未来的研究应考虑年级水平和进餐情况。学校营养计划在评估满意度时也应考虑这些因素。