“Immunosenescence” has been invoked as the root cause of increased incidence and severity of infectious disease in older adults and their poorer response to vaccination, and is implicated in increased solid cancers and increased autoimmunity with age. But how to define it in the individual and to show that immunosenescence is responsible for these adverse health outcomes? How can we monitor interventions aimed at restoring appropriate immune function to overcome these perceived immune deficits? Hence, the many efforts over the years aimed at establishing biomarkers of immunosenescence which to be useful must exhibit robust correlations with the chosen clinical outcome. Developments in “omics” technologies acquiring unprecedently detailed data on personal trajectories of immunosenescence and taking into account the under-appreciated importance of gender, ethnicity geography, socioeconomic, and multiple other differences will be of pivotal importance to identify biomarkers that are clinically useful at the level of the individual. This contribution addresses the question of whether or not we are currently in possession of any such useful biomarkers.

“免疫衰老”被认为是老年人感染性疾病的发生率和严重性增加以及他们对疫苗接种反应较差的根本原因，并且与实体癌的增加和自身免疫性的增加有关。但是，如何在个体中对其进行定义并表明免疫衰老是造成这些不良健康后果的原因？我们如何监测旨在恢复适当的免疫功能以克服这些感知的免疫缺陷的干预措施？因此，多年来旨在建立有用的免疫衰老生物标志物的许多努力必须表现出与所选临床结果的强相关性。“组学”技术的发展将获得有关免疫衰老个人轨迹的前所未有的详细数据，并考虑到性别，种族地理，社会经济及其他多种差异的重要性不足，对于确定在临床上有用的生物标记物至关重要。个人的水平。这项贡献解决了我们目前是否拥有任何此类有用的生物标记物的问题。