With the development of wireless communication systems, the use of complex impedance transformers to convert one complex impedance into another is important for achieving the maximum power transfer. These transformers are exploited for impedance-transforming power dividers (PDs) and combiners [1]-[3], wireless power transfer [4] and energy harvesting, antenna feed lines, and power amplifiers. The simplest design is generally the most preferable for any engineering solution; thus, in most cases, the best approach is to use quarter-wave impedance transformers to convert one real impedance into another real impedance. However, since the input and output impedances of PDs [1]-[3]; transmitter- and receiver-coils for wireless power transfer systems [4]; and power transistors, antennas, and diodes for rectifiers are not always real values, complex impedance transformers are also needed to convert one complex impedance into another.

中文翻译：

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复阻抗变压器：它们在设计各种超小型和宽带功率分配器中的应用

随着无线通信系统的发展，使用复阻抗变压器将一种复阻抗转换为另一种复阻抗对于实现最大功率传输非常重要。这些变压器用于阻抗变换功率分配器 (PD) 和组合器 [1]-[3]、无线电力传输 [4] 和能量收集、天线馈线和功率放大器。对于任何工程解决方案，最简单的设计通常是最可取的；因此，在大多数情况下，最好的方法是使用四分之一波阻抗变换器将一个实阻抗转换为另一个实阻抗。然而，由于PD的输入和输出阻抗[1]-[3]；用于无线电力传输系统的发射器和接收器线圈 [4]；用于整流器的功率晶体管、天线和二极管并不总是真实值，