The soil pollution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is serious in China, which not only affects the living and growing environment of plants and animals but also has a great impact on people’s health. The use of hydrophobic organic compounds to make use of surfactant ectopic elution processing is more convenient and cheaper as a repair scheme and can effectively wash out the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the soil. Therefore, we mixed sophorolipids:sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS):Na2SiO3 according to the mass ratio of 1:15:150. We explored the influencing factors of high and low concentrations of PAH-contaminated soil using a single factor test and four factors at a two-level factorial design. Then, the elution wastewater was treated by ultrasonic oxidation technology and the alkali-activated sodium persulfate technology. The results showed that: (1) In the single factor test, when the elution time is 8 h, the concentration of the compounded surfactant is 1200 mg/L, the particle size is 60 mesh, the concentration of NaCl is 100 mmol/L, and the concentration of KCl is 50 mmol/L, and the effect of the PAH-contaminated soil eluted by the composite surfactant is the best. Externally added NaCl and KCl salt ions have a more obvious promotion effect on the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-contaminated soil; (2) in the interaction experiment, single factor B (elution time) and D (NaCl concentration) have a significant main effect. There is also a certain interaction between factor A (concentration agent concentration) and factor D, factor B, and factor C (KCl concentration); (3) the treatment of anthracene in the eluate by ultrasonic completely mineralizes the organic pollutants by the thermal and chemical effects produced by the ultrasonic cavitation phenomenon, so that the organic pollutants in the eluate are oxidized and degraded into simple environmentally friendly small molecular substances. When the optimal ultrasonic time is 60 min and the ratio of oxidant to activator is 1:2, the removal rate of contaminants in the eluent can reach 63.7%. At the same time, the turbidity of the eluent is significantly lower than that of the liquid after centrifugal separation, indicating that oxidants can not only remove the pollutants in elution water but also remove the residual soil particulate matter; and (4) by comparing the infrared spectrum of the eluted waste liquid before and after oxidation, it can be seen that during the oxidation process, the inner part of eluent waste liquid underwent a ring-opening reaction, and the ring-opening reaction also occurred in the part of the cyclic ester group of the surfactant, which changed from a ring to non-ring.

中文翻译：

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槐糖脂-SDBS-Na2SiO3修复蒽污染土壤及洗脱废水处理

多环芳烃（PAHs）在我国土壤污染严重，不仅影响动植物的生存和生长环境，而且对人们的身体健康也有很大影响。使用疏水性有机化合物利用表面活性剂异位洗脱处理作为一种修复方案更方便、更便宜，能有效洗掉土壤中的多环芳烃。因此，我们按照 1:15:150 的质量比混合槐糖脂:十二烷基苯磺酸钠 (SDBS):Na2SiO3。我们采用单因素检验和四因素双水平因子设计探讨了高、低浓度多环芳烃污染土壤的影响因素。然后用超声波氧化技术和碱活化过硫酸钠技术处理洗脱废水。结果表明：（1）单因素试验中，洗脱时间为8 h时，复配表面活性剂浓度为1200 mg/L，粒径为60目，NaCl浓度为100 mmol/L ,KCl浓度为50 mmol/L,复合表面活性剂洗脱PAH污染土壤的效果最好。外加NaCl和KCl盐离子对多环芳烃污染土壤有更明显的促进作用；(2)在交互作用实验中，单因子B(洗脱时间)和D(NaCl浓度)具有显着的主效应。因子A（浓缩剂浓度）与因子D、因子B、因子C（KCl浓度）之间也存在一定的交互作用；(3)超声波处理洗脱液中的蒽，利用超声波空化现象产生的热和化学作用，使有机污染物完全矿化，使洗脱液中的有机污染物氧化降解为简单的环保小分子物质。当最佳超声时间为60 min，氧化剂与活化剂的比例为1:2时，洗脱液中污染物的去除率可达63.7%。同时，淋洗液的浊度明显低于离心分离后的液体，说明氧化剂不仅可以去除淋洗水中的污染物，还可以去除残留的土壤颗粒物；(4)通过比较氧化前后洗脱废液的红外光谱，