The NLRP3 (NOD‐, LRR‐, and pyrin domain‐containing protein 3) inflammasome is an immunological sensor that detects a wide range of microbial‐ and host‐derived signals. Inflammasome activation results in the release of the potent pro‐inflammatory cytokines IL‐1β and IL‐18 and triggers a form of inflammatory cell death known as pyroptosis. Excessive NLRP3 activity is associated with the pathogenesis of a wide range of inflammatory diseases, thus NLRP3 activation mechanisms are an area of intensive research. NLRP3 inflammasome activation is a tightly regulated process that requires both priming and activation signals. In particular, recent research has highlighted the highly complex nature of the priming step, which involves transcriptional and posttranslational mechanisms, and numerous protein binding partners. This review will describe the current understanding of NLRP3 priming and will discuss the potential opportunities for targeting this process therapeutically to treat NLRP3‐associated diseases.

中文翻译：

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NLRP3炎性引物：谜底包裹着一个谜团。

NLRP3（含NOD，LRR和含吡啶结构域的蛋白质3）炎性小体是一种免疫学传感器，可检测多种微生物和宿主来源的信号。炎性体的激活导致有效的促炎性细胞因子IL-1β和IL-18的释放，并引发一种称为发烧的炎性细胞死亡。过度的NLRP3活性与多种炎性疾病的发病机制有关，因此NLRP3激活机制是一个深入研究的领域。NLRP3炎性体激活是一个严格调控的过程，需要启动信号和激活信号。特别是，最近的研究强调了引发步骤的高度复杂性，该过程涉及转录和翻译后机制以及许多蛋白质结合伴侣。