Abstract Through a systematic integrated approach, which combined lithostratigraphic, geochronological and geochemical analyses of tephra from near-source sections of the peri-Tyrrhenian volcanoes and mid to distal settings, here we provide an improved tephrochronological framework for the Marine Isotope Stage 11c interglacial (MIS 11c, ∼425–395 ka) in the Central Mediterranean area. Specifically, we present the complete geochemical dataset and new high-precision 40Ar/39Ar ages of the previously poorly characterized earliest pyroclastic products of the Vico volcano (420–400 ka), including the Plinian eruptions of Vico α and Vico β and the immediately post-dating lower magnitude explosive events. Furthermore, we also provide new geochronological and geochemical data for the distal tephra layers preserved in the aggradational succession of the Tiber delta (San Paolo Formation), Roman area, which records sea level rise relating to the MIS 12 (glacial) to MIS 11 (interglacial) transition. Five pyroclastic units were recognized in Vico volcanic area, four out of which, Vico α, Vico β, Vico βtop (a minor eruption immediately following Vico β and temporally very close to it) and Vico δ were directly dated at 414.8 ± 2.2 ka, 406.5 ± 2.4 ka, 406.4 ± 2.0 ka and 399.7 ± 3.2 ka respectively (2σ analytical uncertainties). These new data allow a critical reappraisal of the previously claimed identifications of Vico tephra from mid-distal to ultra-distal successions (i.e., Vico-Sabatini volcanic districts, Roman San Paolo Formation and Castel di Guido archaeological site, Sulmona Basin, Valdarno and Lake Ohrid), which were unavoidably biased by the poor and incomplete geochemical and geochronological reference datasets previously available. Such an improvement of the tephrochronological framework brings great benefits to any future investigations (e.g., paleoclimatology, archaeology, active tectonic, volcanology) in the dispersal areas of the studied eruptions at the key point in time that is MIS 11.

中文翻译：

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地中海中部 MIS 11c 间冰期（~425-395 ka）的年代学：意大利中部维科火山和台伯河三角洲的新限制

摘要 通过一种系统的综合方法，结合了来自第勒尼安火山近源部分和中到远端环境的火山灰的岩石地层学、地质年代学和地球化学分析，在这里我们为海洋同位素阶段 11c 间冰期 (MIS) 提供了一个改进的火山年代学框架。 11c, ∼425–395 ka) 在地中海中部地区。具体来说，我们提供了完整的地球化学数据集和新的高精度 40Ar/39Ar 年龄，以前描述的维科火山（420-400 ka）最早的火山碎屑产物，包括维科 α 和维科 β 的普林尼火山喷发，以及紧随其后的- 约会较低级别的爆炸性事件。此外，我们还提供了保存在罗马地区台伯河三角洲（圣保罗组）的积聚序列中的远侧火山灰层的新的地质年代学和地球化学数据，该数据记录了与 MIS 12（冰川期）到 MIS 11（间冰期）相关的海平面上升过渡。在维科火山区识别出五个火山碎屑单元，其中四个维科α、维科β、维科βtop（紧接维科β并在时间上非常接近它的小喷发）和维科δ直接定年为414.8±2.2ka，分别为 406.5 ± 2.4 ka、406.4 ± 2.0 ka 和 399.7 ± 3.2 ka（2σ 分析不确定度）。这些新数据允许对先前声称的 Vico tephra 鉴定结果进行批判性的重新评估，从中远端到超远端序列（即 Vico-Sabatini 火山区、Roman San Paolo Formation 和 Castel di Guido 考古遗址、Sulmona 盆地、Valdarno 和奥赫里德湖），这些都不可避免地受到先前可用的糟糕且不完整的地球化学和地质年代学参考数据集的影响。火山年代学框架的这种改进为任何未来研究（例如，古气候学、考古学、活动构造、火山学）在 MIS 11 关键时间点的研究喷发的分散区域带来了巨大的好处。