40 small watersheds in the Source Area of the Yellow River were investigated recently to sample surface waters, groundwater and ground ice, and their water isotopic signatures (2H, 18O, 3H, and 222Rn) have been measured. A novel isotope mass balance approach was developed to estimate annual surface and surface flow discharges in catchment combined water age dating. This approach revealed the changing surface and subsurface runoff patterns were along the hydrological trajectory of progressive permafrost degradation. To build up the linkages between the hydrological indictors and environmental and biological features was recommended, which would benefit a better understanding the significant impacts of permafrost degradation on social, ecological and economic developments in cold regions.

中文翻译：

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整合同位素质量平衡和水停留时间测年：来自稳定和放射性同位素的小型永久冻土流域径流生成的见解

近期对黄河源区40个小流域进行了地表水、地下水和地冰取样调查，测定了它们的水同位素特征（2H、18O、3H和222Rn）。开发了一种新的同位素质量平衡方法来估计集水区联合水年龄测年中的年度地表和地表流量排放。这种方法揭示了不断变化的地表和地下径流模式沿着渐进式永久冻土退化的水文轨迹。建议建立水文指标与环境和生物特征之间的联系，这将有助于更好地了解多年冻土退化对寒冷地区社会、生态和经济发展的重大影响。