A positive non-linear relation between the dose of ethanol ingested and the area under the curve (AUC) for ethyl glucuronide (EtG) in urine is previously observed. The relation between both doses and AUC of ethanol and the AUC for EtG in blood is not previously published, and this study aimed to investigate this relationship. After an overnight fast, 10 healthy volunteers ingested 0.5-g ethanol per kilo body weight (low dose) in one occasion and 1.0-g ethanol per kilo body weight (high dose) in the next occasion. Results showed that there was a significant higher median ratio between blood AUC for EtG and dose of ethanol in the high-dose (8.99; range 7.37–10.94) group compared to the low-dose (5.02; range 4.25–6.15) group (P = 0.005). The median ratio between the AUC for EtG and AUC for ethanol was actually significantly higher in the low-dose (1.77; range 1.51–2.24) group compared to the high-dose (1.67; range 1.30–2.02) group (P = 0.005), although values are quite similar. This study therefore showed that the ratio between the AUC for EtG in blood and dose of ethanol is higher after intake of 1.0 g/kg than 0.5 g/kg. This pattern is however not seen when AUC for EtG is compared to AUC for ethanol. Results therefore support that the percentage of ethanol converted to EtG is not increasing when the doses increase. An explanation for the positive non-linear relation previously observed between the dose of ethanol ingested and amount of EtG formed may be a relative higher first-pass metabolism of ethanol at lower doses.

中文翻译：

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摄入的乙醇剂量与血液中形成的葡萄糖醛酸乙酯含量之间的关系。

先前观察到摄入的乙醇剂量与尿液中的葡萄糖醛酸乙酯（EtG）曲线下面积（AUC）之间呈正非线性关系。乙醇的剂量和AUC以及血液中EtG的AUC两者之间的关系以前尚未发表，本研究旨在研究这种关系。禁食过夜后，有10名健康志愿者一次摄入0.5克乙醇/千克体重（低剂量），另一次摄入1.0克乙醇/千克体重（高剂量）。结果显示，与低剂量组（5.02;范围4.25–6.15）相比，高剂量（8.99;范围7.37–10.94）组的EtG的血液AUC与乙醇剂量之间的中位数比率显着更高（P = 0.005）。与高剂量组（1.67;范围1.30–2.02）相比，低剂量（1.77;范围1.51–2.24）组中EtG的AUC和乙醇的AUC之间的中值比例实际上显着更高（P  = 0.005） ，尽管值非常相似。因此，这项研究表明，摄入1.0 g / kg的血液中EtG的AUC与乙醇剂量之间的比率高于0.5 g / kg。但是，将EtG的AUC与乙醇的AUC进行比较时，看不到这种模式。因此，结果支持剂量增加时乙醇转化为EtG的百分比没有增加。先前观察到的摄入乙醇的剂量与形成的EtG量之间的正非线性关系的解释可能是乙醇在较低剂量下相对较高的首过代谢。