This work applies stereometric parameters and fractal theory to characterize the structural complexity of the 3D surface roughness of Anacardium occidentale L. leaf using atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements. Surface roughness was studied by AFM in tapping mode, in air, on square areas of 6,400 and 10,000 μm2. The stereometric analyses using MountainsMap Premium and WSXM software provided detailed information on the 3D surface topography of the samples. These data showed that the morphology of the abaxial and adaxial side of the cashew leaf is different, which was also observed in relation to their microtextures. Fractal analysis showed that the adaxial and abaxial sides have strong microtexture homogeneity, but the adaxial side presented higher surface entropy. These results show that image processing associated with fractal theory can be an indispensable tool for identifying plant species by their leaves because this species has singularities on each side of the leaf.

中文翻译：

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分形理论对 Anacardium occidentale L. 叶表面的先进微结构研究

这项工作应用立体参数和分形理论来表征 3D 表面粗糙度的结构复杂性西洋漆树L. 叶使用原子力显微镜 (AFM) 测量。表面粗糙度由 AFM 在轻敲模式下，在空气中，在 6,400 和 10,000 的正方形区域上进行研究μ米2. 使用 MountainsMap Premium 和 WSXM 软件进行的立体测量分析提供了有关样品 3D 表面形貌的详细信息。这些数据表明，腰果叶背面和正面的形态是不同的，这也与它们的微观结构有关。分形分析表明，近轴面和背轴面具有较强的微观纹理均匀性，但近轴面具有较高的表面熵。这些结果表明，与分形理论相关的图像处理可以成为通过叶子识别植物物种的不可或缺的工具，因为该物种在叶子的每一侧都有奇点。