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Inhibiting Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 Mitigates the Hematopoietic Acute Radiation Syndrome in a Sex- and Strain-dependent Manner in Mice.
Health Physics ( IF 2.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-3-17 , DOI: 10.1097/hp.0000000000001243
Andrea R Daniel 1 , Chang-Lung Lee , Patrick Oh 1 , Lixia Luo 1 , Yan Ma 1 , David G Kirsch
Affiliation  

The Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program at the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) mandated that medical countermeasures for treating Acute Radiation Syndrome (ARS) must have efficacy when administered at least 24 h after radiation exposure. At this time point, many cells within key target tissues, such as the hematopoietic system and the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, will already be dead. Therefore, drugs that promote the regeneration of surviving cells may improve outcomes. The serine/threonine kinase glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) regulates stem and progenitor cell self-renewal and regeneration in the hematopoietic and GI compartments. We tested inhibition of GSK-3β by SB216763 24 h after total body irradiation (TBI) and sub-total body irradiation (SBI). Here, we show that subcutaneous administration of SB216763 promotes the regeneration of surviving hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs), including myeloid progenitor cells, and improves survival of C57Bl/6 male mice when administered 24 h after TBI. However, these results were not recapitulated in female C57Bl/6 animals, suggesting a sex difference in GSK-3β signaling in HSPCs. Subcutaneous administration of SB216763 in male mice stimulated activation of Sox2 transcription but failed to induce Sox2 transcription in female C57Bl/6 mice. Using TCF/lef-GFP reporter mice, we examined Wnt signaling in HSPCs of irradiated male and female mice treated with SB216763. GSK-3 inhibition elevated Wnt reporter activity in HSPCs isolated from male but not female mice. SB216763 did not mitigate hematopoietic ARS in males or females of a second strain of wild-type mice, C3H. In addition, administration of SB216763 did not mitigate hematopoietic ARS beyond the currently available standard approved therapy of ciprofloxacin and granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) in male C57Bl/6 mice. Further, SB216763 did not mitigate GI-ARS after SBI in C57Bl/6 male mice. The lack of efficacy in both sexes and multiple strains of mice indicate that SB216763 is not suitable for further drug development as a mitigator of ARS. Our studies demonstrate that activation of Wnt signaling in HSPCs promotes hematopoietic regeneration following radiation exposure, and targeting this pathway downstream of GSK-3β may mitigate ARS in a sex- and strain-independent manner.

中文翻译:

抑制糖原合成酶激酶 3 以性别和菌株依赖性方式减轻小鼠的造血急性放射综合征。

美国国家过敏和传染病研究所 (NIAID) 的辐射和核对策计划要求,治疗急性辐射综合征 (ARS) 的医疗对策必须在辐射暴露后至少 24 小时内有效。此时,关键靶组织内的许多细胞,如造血系统和胃肠道(GI),已经死亡。因此,促进存活细胞再生的药物可能会改善结果。丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶糖原合酶激酶 3 (GSK-3) 调节造血和 GI 隔室中的干细胞和祖细胞自我更新和再生。我们在全身照射 (TBI) 和亚全身照射 (SBI) 后 24 小时测试了 SB216763 对 GSK-3β 的抑制作用。这里,我们表明,在 TBI 后 24 小时给予 SB216763 皮下给药可促进存活的造血干细胞/祖细胞 (HSPCs) (包括骨髓祖细胞)的再生,并提高 C57Bl/6 雄性小鼠的存活率。然而,这些结果并未在雌性 C57Bl/6 动物中重现,表明 HSPC 中 GSK-3β 信号传导存在性别差异。在雄性小鼠中皮下施用 SB216763 刺激了 Sox2 转录的激活,但未能在雌性 C57Bl/6 小鼠中诱导 Sox2 转录。使用 TCF/lef-GFP 报告小鼠,我们检查了用 SB216763 处理的受辐射雄性和雌性小鼠的 HSPC 中的 Wnt 信号传导。GSK-3 抑制提高了分离自雄性而非雌性小鼠的 HSPC 中的 Wnt 报告基因活性。SB216763 并未减轻第二种野生型小鼠品系 C3H 的雄性或雌性的造血 ARS。此外,在雄性 C57Bl/6 小鼠中,除了目前可用的标准批准的环丙沙星和粒细胞集落刺激因子 (G-CSF) 治疗之外,SB216763 的给药并未减轻造血 ARS。此外,在 C57Bl/6 雄性小鼠中,SB216763 并没有减轻 SBI 后的 GI-ARS。在两性和多种小鼠品系中缺乏疗效表明 SB216763 不适合作为 ARS 缓解剂的进一步药物开发。我们的研究表明,HSPCs 中 Wnt 信号的激活促进了辐射暴露后的造血再生,并且靶向 GSK-3β 下游的这一通路可能以与性别和菌株无关的方式缓解 ARS。在雄性 C57Bl/6 小鼠中,除了目前可用的标准批准的环丙沙星和粒细胞集落刺激因子 (G-CSF) 治疗之外,SB216763 的给药并未减轻造血 ARS。此外,在 C57Bl/6 雄性小鼠中,SB216763 并没有减轻 SBI 后的 GI-ARS。在两性和多种小鼠品系中缺乏疗效表明 SB216763 不适合作为 ARS 缓解剂的进一步药物开发。我们的研究表明,HSPCs 中 Wnt 信号的激活促进了辐射暴露后的造血再生,并且靶向 GSK-3β 下游的这一通路可能以与性别和菌株无关的方式缓解 ARS。在雄性 C57Bl/6 小鼠中,除了目前可用的标准批准的环丙沙星和粒细胞集落刺激因子 (G-CSF) 治疗之外,SB216763 的给药并未减轻造血 ARS。此外,在 C57Bl/6 雄性小鼠中,SB216763 并没有减轻 SBI 后的 GI-ARS。在两性和多种小鼠品系中缺乏疗效表明 SB216763 不适合作为 ARS 缓解剂的进一步药物开发。我们的研究表明,HSPCs 中 Wnt 信号的激活促进了辐射暴露后的造血再生,并且靶向 GSK-3β 下游的这一通路可能以与性别和菌株无关的方式缓解 ARS。在 C57Bl/6 雄性小鼠中,SB216763 在 SBI 后没有减轻 GI-ARS。在两性和多种小鼠品系中缺乏疗效表明 SB216763 不适合作为 ARS 缓解剂的进一步药物开发。我们的研究表明,HSPCs 中 Wnt 信号的激活促进了辐射暴露后的造血再生,并且靶向 GSK-3β 下游的这一通路可能以与性别和菌株无关的方式缓解 ARS。在 C57Bl/6 雄性小鼠中,SB216763 在 SBI 后没有减轻 GI-ARS。在两性和多种小鼠品系中缺乏疗效表明 SB216763 不适合作为 ARS 缓解剂的进一步药物开发。我们的研究表明,HSPCs 中 Wnt 信号的激活促进了辐射暴露后的造血再生,并且靶向 GSK-3β 下游的这一通路可能以与性别和菌株无关的方式缓解 ARS。
更新日期:2020-12-17
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