Abstract Platinum nanoparticles (Pt NPs) have attracted interest in catalysis and biomedical applications due to their unique structural, optical, and catalytic properties. However, the conventional synthesis of Pt NPs using the chemical and physical methods is constrained by the use of harmful and costly chemicals, intricate preparation requirement, and high energy utilization. Hence, this review emphasizes on the green synthesis of Pt NPs using plant extracts as an alternative approach due to its simplicity, convenience, inexpensiveness, easy scalability, low energy requirement, environmental friendliness, and minimum usage of hazardous materials and maximized efficiency of the synthesis process. The underlying complex processes that cover the green synthesis (biosynthesis) of Pt NPs were reviewed. This review affirms the effects of different critical parameters (pH, reaction temperature, reaction time, and biomass dosage) on the size and shape of the synthesized Pt NPs. For instance, the average particle size of Pt NPs was reported to decrease with increasing pH, reaction temperature, and concentration of plant extract.

中文翻译：

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绿色合成：影响铂纳米粒子合成的拟议机制和因素

摘要 铂纳米粒子 (Pt NPs) 由于其独特的结构、光学和催化特性而引起了催化和生物医学应用的兴趣。然而，使用化学和物理方法常规合成 Pt NPs 受到使用有害且昂贵的化学品、复杂的制备要求和高能量利用率的限制。因此，本综述强调使用植物提取物作为替代方法进行 Pt NPs 的绿色合成，因为它具有简单、方便、廉价、易于扩展、能源需求低、环境友好、有害物质使用最少以及合成效率最大化等优点。过程。综述了涵盖 Pt NPs 绿色合成（生物合成）的潜在复杂过程。这篇综述肯定了不同的关键参数（pH、反应温度、反应时间和生物质剂量）对合成 Pt NPs 的大小和形状的影响。例如，据报道 Pt NPs 的平均粒径随着 pH 值、反应温度和植物提取物浓度的增加而减小。