Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as the master regulators of tumor initiation, proliferation, and metastasis; however, their diagnostic value as potential biomarkers should be clarified. Vitamin D influences the expression of several genes in various pathways, including the CYP24A1 gene in the vitamin D metabolism pathway. In the present research, we surveyed the expression levels and clinical significance of novel lncRNAs related to CYP24A1 and PFDN4 genes in colorectal cancer (CRC) using real‐time polymerase chain reaction. Furthermore, we assessed the expression of these genes after vitamin D treatment in HCT‐116 and HT‐29 colon cancer cell lines. Our results indicated that the transcription of CYP24A1, PFDN4, and nearby lncRNAs was affected by vitamin D treatment in HCT‐116 and HT‐29 cell lines. Moreover, CYP24A1, PFDN4, lnc‐CYP24A1‐3:1, and lnc‐TSHZ2‐19:1 were upregulated and had the potential to distinguish colorectal cancer tissues from the adjacent tissues by the large area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (0.94, 0.66, 0.70, and 0.60, respectively). lnc‐TSHZ2‐19:1 expression level significantly correlated with gender (p = .03). In conclusion, CYP24A1, PFDN4, lnc‐CYP24A1‐3:1, and lnc‐TSHZ2‐19:1 can be used as potential diagnostic biomarkers in the specific and sensitive assessment of CRC. Besides this, vitamin D treatment may modulate the expression of these genes in a cell‐specific manner.

中文翻译：

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新型长链非编码 RNA 上调可能对 CYP24A1 和 PFDN4 生物标志物在人类结直肠癌中的作用具有协同作用。

长链非编码 RNA (lncRNA) 正在成为肿瘤发生、增殖和转移的主要调节因子。然而，它们作为潜在生物标志物的诊断价值应该得到澄清。维生素 D 影响多种途径中多种基因的表达，包括维生素 D 代谢途径中的 CYP24A1基因。在本研究中，我们使用实时聚合酶链反应调查了与CYP24A1和PFDN4基因相关的新型 lncRNA在结直肠癌 (CRC) 中的表达水平和临床意义。此外，我们在 HCT-116 和 HT-29 结肠癌细胞系中评估了维生素 D 治疗后这些基因的表达。我们的结果表明CYP24A1的转录，PFDN4和附近的 lncRNA 在 HCT-116 和 HT-29 细胞系中受到维生素 D 处理的影响。此外，CYP24A1、PFDN4、lnc -CYP24A1-3:1 和 lnc-TSHZ2-19:1 被上调，并有可能通过受试者操作特征曲线下的大面积（0.94， 0.66、0.70 和 0.60）。lnc-TSHZ2-19:1 表达水平与性别显着相关 ( p  = .03)。总之，CYP24A1、PFDN4、lnc-CYP24A1-3:1 和 lnc-TSHZ2-19:1 可作为潜在的诊断生物标志物，用于 CRC 的特异性和敏感性评估。除此之外，维生素 D 治疗可能会以细胞特异性方式调节这些基因的表达。