The plant-parasitic nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus is a notorious forest pest and the cause of pine-wilt disease which is becoming a serious issue in Asia and Europe. Few available pesticides or nematicides effectively kill B. xylophilus and the topic is the subject of on-going research. This study describes the killing effects of three constituents (piperine, piperlongumine, and piperonal) of the long pepper on the pinewood nematode juveniles. Piperine at 50 µg/mL achieved killing of B. xylophilus juveniles in 6 h, and uniquely, the pattern of killing involved rapid curling (1 h), aggregation (2 h), and death (6 h). Also, piperine adversely affected the fecundity and locomotor traits in B. xylophilus while piperine had marginal effect on the growth of plant seed germination. Computational studies showed piperine interacts with the Gln²¹⁹ residue of glutamate gated chloride ion channel (GluCl) receptor, a residue associated with receptor activation. Furthermore, the mode of action of piperine resembled that of ivermectin in in silico studies. These results suggest that piperine (the major component of peppers) be regarded a potential nematicide for pinewood nematodes and warrant further field investigations.

植物寄生线虫Bursaphelenchus xylophilus是臭名昭著的森林害虫，也是造成松树枯萎病的原因，在亚洲和欧洲，松树病成为一个严重的问题。很少有可用的杀虫剂或杀线虫剂有效杀死木糖双歧杆菌，该主题是正在进行的研究的主题。这项研究描述了长胡椒的三种成分（胡椒碱，胡椒基丁胺和胡椒醛）对松材线虫幼虫的杀灭作用。浓度为50 µg / mL的胡椒碱在6 h内即可杀死木糖芽孢杆菌（B. xylophilus）幼虫，唯一的杀伤方式包括快速卷曲（1 h），聚集（2 h）和死亡（6 h）。此外，胡椒碱对木糖双歧杆菌的生殖力和运动能力有不利影响胡椒碱对植物种子萌发的生长影响很小。计算研究表明，胡椒碱与谷氨酸门控氯离子通道（GluCl）受体的Gln ²¹⁹残基相互作用，该残基与受体激活相关。此外，在计算机研究中，胡椒碱的作用方式与伊维菌素相似。这些结果表明，胡椒碱（胡椒的主要成分）被认为是松材线虫的潜在杀线虫剂，有待进一步的现场研究。