This work assessed the effect of the antibiotics trimethoprim (TMP) and sulfamethoxazole (SMX) on the granulation process, microbiology, and organic matter and nutrient removal of an aerobic granular sludge (AGS) system. In addition, after the maturation stage, the impact of the redox mediator anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate (AQDS) (25 μM) on the biotransformation of the antibiotics was evaluated. The reactor R1 was maintained as a control, and the reactor R2 was supplemented with TMP and SMX (200 μg L⁻¹). The ability to remove C, N, and P was similar between the reactors. However, the structural integrity of the AGS was impaired by the antibiotics. Low TMP (∼30%) and SMX (∼60%) removals were achieved when compared to anaerobic or floccular biomass aerobic systems. However, when the system was supplemented with AQDS, an increase in the removal of TMP (∼75%) and SMX (∼95%) was observed, possibly due to the catalytic action of the redox mediator on cometabolic processes. Regarding the microbial groups, whereas Proteobacteria and Bacterioidetes increased, Planctomycetes decreased in both reactors. However, TMP and SMX presence seemed to inhibit or favor some genera during the formation of the granules, possibly due to their bactericidal action.

这项工作评估了抗生素甲氧苄啶（TMP）和磺胺甲恶唑（SMX）对好氧颗粒污泥（AGS）系统的制粒过程，微生物学，有机物和营养去除的影响。此外，在成熟阶段之后，评估了氧化还原介体-2,6-二磺酸蒽醌（AQDS）（25μM）对抗生素生物转化的影响。维持反应器R1作为对照，并向反应器R2补充TMP和SMX（200μgL ^-1）。在反应器之间除去C，N和P的能力相似。但是，抗生素会损害AGS的结构完整性。与厌氧或絮凝的生物质好氧系统相比，TMP（〜30％）和SMX（〜60％）去除率低。但是，当系统补充了AQDS时，观察到TMP（〜75％）和SMX（〜95％）的去除率增加，这可能是由于氧化还原介体对新陈代谢过程的催化作用所致。关于微生物种类，尽管在两个反应器中变形杆菌和细菌类细菌增加，而菌类细菌却减少。但是，TMP和SMX的存在似乎在颗粒形成过程中抑制或偏爱某些属，这可能是由于它们的杀菌作用。