In 1916, the Russian scientist D.K. Chernov depicted his vision of Fe–C diagram (immortalized at his tombstone in Yalta). A vertical line was drawn with his hand at 0.5% C on the diagram. In this paper, an attempt is made to substantiate the thesis that this vertical line is essential for explaining the properties of undoped pre-eutectoid melts. The anomalies in the properties of steel melts at ~0.5% C, established in different studies, are considered as additional signs of the presence of Fe42C intermediate phase, which manifests itself in well-known qualitative changes in structure and properties of solid state (martensite, ferrite, austenite, ferrite–cementite mixture).

中文翻译：

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作为中间 Fe42C 相的结果，非合金预共析钢在 ~0.5% C 下熔化的特性异常

1916 年，俄罗斯科学家 DK Chernov 描绘了他对 Fe-C 图的看法（在他在雅尔塔的墓碑上永垂不朽）。在图表上用他的手在 0.5% C 处画了一条垂直线。在本文中，试图证实这条垂直线对于解释未掺杂的预共析熔体的性质至关重要的论点。在不同的研究中建立的~0.5% C 钢熔体性质的异常被认为是 Fe42C 中间相存在的额外迹象，它表现为众所周知的固态（马氏体）结构和性质的质变。 、铁素体、奥氏体、铁素体-渗碳体混合物）。