Stroke has a debilitating effect on the human body and a serious negative effect on society, with a global incidence of one in every six people. According to the World Health Organization, 15 million people suffer stroke worldwide each year. Of these, 5 million die and another 5 million are permanently disabled. Motor and cognitive deficits like hemiparesis, paralysis, chronic pain, and psychomotor and behavioral symptoms can persist long term and prevent the patient from fully reintegrating into society, therefore continuing to add to the costly healthcare burden of stroke. Regenerative medicine using stem cells seems to be a panacea for sequelae after stroke. Stem cell-based therapy aids neuro-regeneration and neuroprotection for neurological recovery in patients. However, the use of stem cells as a therapy in stroke patients still needs a lot of research at both basic and translational levels. As well as the mode of action of stem cells in reversing the symptoms not being clear, there are several clinical parameters that need to be addressed before establishing stem cell therapy in stroke, such as the type of stem cells to be administered, the number of stem cells, the timing of dosage, whether dose-boosters are required, the route of administration, etc. There are upcoming prospects of cell-free therapy also by using exosomes derived from stem cells. There are several ongoing pre-clinical studies aiming to answer these questions. Despite still being in the development stage, stem cell therapy holds great potential for neurological rehabilitation in patients suffering from stroke.

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干细胞在中风中的应用：多因素方法

中风对人体造成衰弱，并对社会产生严重的负面影响，全球发病率为六分之一。据世界卫生组织统计，全球每年有 1500 万人患有中风。其中，500 万人死亡，另有 500 万人永久残疾。偏瘫、瘫痪、慢性疼痛、精神运动和行为症状等运动和认知缺陷可能长期持续，并阻止患者完全重新融入社会，因此继续增加中风的昂贵医疗负担。使用干细胞的再生医学似乎是治疗中风后遗症的灵丹妙药。基于干细胞的治疗有助于神经再生和神经保护，从而促进患者的神经恢复。然而，使用干细胞治疗中风患者仍然需要在基础和转化水平上进行大量研究。除了干细胞逆转症状的作用方式尚不清楚外，在建立中风干细胞疗法之前还需要解决几个临床参数，例如要施用的干细胞类型、干细胞的数量等。干细胞、给药时间、是否需要加强剂量、给药途径等。使用干细胞衍生的外泌体进行无细胞治疗也具有前景。有几项正在进行的临床前研究旨在回答这些问题。尽管仍处于开发阶段，干细胞疗法对于中风患者的神经康复具有巨大的潜力。