Upon making a decision, we typically have a sense of the likelihood that the decision we reached was a good one; that is, a degree of confidence in our choice. In a series of five experiments, we tested the hypothesis that confidence acts as an intrinsic cost-benefit factor when choosing between tasks, biasing people toward situations in which they experience higher confidence. Participants performed a task-selection paradigm in which they chose on each trial between two perceptual-judgment tasks that were matched for objective difficulty but differed in participants' experienced confidence, with confidence manipulated via differences in the strength of postdecisional evidence. The results show that participants exhibited a preference for tasks in which they reported higher confidence. The effect of confidence on task selection went above and beyond simple error detection, with people not only avoiding tasks in which they believed they made an error, but also tending to select tasks in which they experienced higher confidence in their correct responses. Moreover, preference for high-confidence tasks was evident even when external feedback was provided on every trial. Collectively, these results indicate that subjective confidence guides choices of which situations and tasks to engage with, as a valuable indicator of likely success. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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在任务之间进行选择时，主观信心是内部成本效益因素。

做出决定后，我们通常会感觉到我们做出的决定是一个好决定的可能性；也就是说，对我们的选择有一定的信心。在一系列的五个实验中，我们检验了以下假设：在任务之间进行选择时，信心是内在的成本效益因素，使人们偏向于他们体验更高的信心的情况。参与者执行任务选择范式，在每次试验中，他们在两个感知判断任务之间进行选择，这些任务因客观困难而匹配，但参与者的经历信心有所不同，其信心通过决策后证据强度的差异来操纵。结果表明，参与者表现出对他们报告更高自信的任务的偏爱。置信度对任务选择的影响超出了简单的错误检测范围，人们不仅避免避开他们认为自己犯了错误的任务，而且倾向于选择对自己的正确答案抱有较高置信度的任务。此外，即使在每个试验中都提供了外部反馈，也倾向于使用高自信的任务。总的来说，这些结果表明，主观信心指导着应对哪种情况和任务的选择，这是可能成功的重要指标。（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2020 APA，保留所有权利）。即使在每个试验中都提供了外部反馈，对高信心任务的偏见还是显而易见的。总的来说，这些结果表明，主观信心指导着应对哪种情况和任务的选择，这是可能成功的重要指标。（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2020 APA，保留所有权利）。即使在每个试验中都提供了外部反馈，对高信心任务的偏见还是显而易见的。总的来说，这些结果表明，主观信心指导着应对哪种情况和任务的选择，这是可能成功的重要指标。（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2020 APA，保留所有权利）。