Fungi can hasten microbial degradation of hydrophobic compounds by enhancing capture and dissolution into biofilms. For methane (CH4 ) released from natural soils and agricultural systems, prokaryotes are ultimately responsible for oxidation and degradation; however, in many cases Henry's law of gas dissolution, not oxidation, is rate-limiting. Given that fungi can improve capture and bioremediation of other hydrophobic compounds (e.g., toluene), we tested fungi for CH4 capture. We used a batch system of CH4 -flooded vials to screen candidate fungi. We found 79% removal efficiency by Ganoderma lucidum relative to activated carbon. In a follow-up, we found comparable efficiency in other Ganoderma species (G. applanatum, G. meredithae). However, these efficiency gains by Ganoderma species could not be sustained when inoculated wood substrates were placed in "live" soils. Substrates colonized naturally, without preinoculations, performed similarly to those deployed with (native) test strains, likely because inoculated fungi were outcompeted and displaced by native colonizers. Instead of rescreening using more combative fungi, we tested an alternative way to present fungi with high single-strain efficiencies for filtration: in dried form as dead biomass (necromass). In dried biomass trials, dried G. lucidum biomass performed better than when testing living biomass, again with the highest strain-specific removal efficiencies (84% of activated carbon). These results demonstrate the potential for G. lucidum, commonly used in biomaterial production, in a variety of indoor and outdoor biofiltration scenarios. It also implies an overlooked, potentially large role for fungi and their soil necromass in capturing and reducing CH4 emissions from soils in nature.

中文翻译：

---

活真菌和干真菌菌丝（死灵菌）高效捕获甲烷

真菌可以通过增强生物膜的捕获和溶解来加速疏水化合物的微生物降解。对于从天然土壤和农业系统释放的甲烷 (CH4)，原核生物最终负责氧化和降解；然而，在许多情况下，亨利的气体溶解定律而不是氧化定律是限速的。鉴于真菌可以改善其他疏水化合物（例如甲苯）的捕获和生物修复，我们测试了真菌的 CH4 捕获。我们使用 CH4 注入小瓶的批处理系统来筛选候选真菌。我们发现灵芝相对于活性炭的去除效率为 79%。在后续行动中，我们发现其他灵芝物种（G. applanatum、G. meredithae）具有可比的效率。然而，当将接种的木质基质置于“活”土壤中时，灵芝物种的这些效率增益无法持续。没有预接种的基质自然定殖，其表现与使用（本地）测试菌株部署的那些相似，可能是因为接种的真菌被本地定植者击败并取代。我们没有使用更具攻击性的真菌进行重新筛选，而是测试了一种替代方法来呈现具有高单株过滤效率的真菌：以干燥形式作为死生物质（死灵菌）。在干生物质试验中，干灵芝生物质比测试活生物质时表现更好，同样具有最高的菌株特异性去除效率（84% 的活性炭）。这些结果证明了灵芝的潜力，常用于生物材料生产，在各种室内和室外生物过滤场景中。这也意味着真菌及其土壤死尸在捕获和减少自然界土壤中的 CH4 排放方面具有被忽视的潜在重要作用。