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Understanding the interplay of surface structure and work function in oxides: A case study on SrTiO3
APL Materials ( IF 6.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-01 , DOI: 10.1063/1.5143325
Tianyu Ma 1 , Ryan Jacobs 1 , John Booske 2 , Dane Morgan 1
Affiliation  

The work function is one of the most fundamental surface properties of a material, and understanding and controlling its value is of central importance for manipulating electron flow in applications ranging from high power vacuum electronics to oxide electronics and solar cells. Recent computational studies using Density Functional Theory (DFT) have demonstrated that DFT-calculated work function values for metals tend to agree well (within about 0.3 eV on average) with experimental values. However, a detailed validation of DFT-calculated work functions for oxide materials has not been conducted and is challenging due to the complex dipole structures that can occur on oxide surfaces. In this work, we have focused our investigation on the widely studied perovskite SrTiO3 as a case study example. We find that DFT can accurately predict the work function values of clean and reconstructed SrTiO3 surfaces vs experiment at about the same level of accuracy as metals when direct comparisons can be made. Furthermore, to aid in understanding the factors governing the work function of oxides, we have performed systematic studies on the influence of common surface features, including surface point defects, doping, adsorbates, reconstructions, and surface steps, on the work function. The relationships between the surface structure and work function for SrTiO3 identified here may be qualitatively applicable to other complex oxide materials.

中文翻译:

了解氧化物表面结构和功函数的相互作用:SrTiO3 的案例研究

功函数是材料最基本的表面特性之一,了解和控制其值对于在从高功率真空电子到氧化物电子和太阳能电池的应用中操纵电子流至关重要。最近使用密度泛函理论 (DFT) 的计算研究表明,DFT 计算的金属功函数值往往与实验值吻合得很好(平均在 0.3 eV 以内)。然而,尚未对氧化物材料的 DFT 计算功函数进行详细验证,并且由于氧化物表面可能出现复杂的偶极子结构,因此具有挑战性。在这项工作中,我们将研究重点放在广泛研究的钙钛矿 SrTiO3 上作为案例研究示例。我们发现,当可以进行直接比较时,DFT 可以准确预测清洁和重建的 SrTiO3 表面与实验的功函数值,准确度与金属大致相同。此外,为了帮助理解控制氧化物功函数的因素,我们对常见的表面特征(包括表面点缺陷、掺杂、吸附物、重建和表面台阶)对功函数的影响进行了系统研究。此处确定的 SrTiO3 的表面结构和功函数之间的关系可能定性地适用于其他复合氧化物材料。为了帮助理解控制氧化物功函数的因素,我们对常见的表面特征(包括表面点缺陷、掺杂、吸附物、重建和表面台阶)对功函数的影响进行了系统研究。此处确定的 SrTiO3 的表面结构和功函数之间的关系可能定性地适用于其他复合氧化物材料。为了帮助理解控制氧化物功函数的因素,我们对常见的表面特征(包括表面点缺陷、掺杂、吸附物、重建和表面台阶)对功函数的影响进行了系统研究。此处确定的 SrTiO3 的表面结构和功函数之间的关系可能定性地适用于其他复合氧化物材料。
更新日期:2020-07-01
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