BACKGROUND Molecular diagnostics have led to the identification of a broad range of bacterial species in cystic fibrosis (CF) including Inquilinus. The clinical significance of Inquilinus in CF has not been thoroughly characterized. METHODS Retrospective, case-control study of persons with CF from two CF centers with at least one respiratory culture positive for Inquilinus spp. compared with age-matched CF controls with chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Percent predicted forced expiratory volume in one second (ppFEV1) and body mass index percentile (BMI) were modeled from time of first positive culture up to 5 years later. Rates of pulmonary exacerbations were compared. Inquilinus isolates were genotyped to evaluate strain diversity. RESULTS Seventeen patients with Inquilinus infection were identified with a mean age of 13 years at first positive culture. Most cases had multiple cultures positive for Inquilinus. ppFEV1 was not different between cases versus controls (80.2% vs 81.6%, p = 0.97 at baseline, 67.5% vs. 73.3%, p = 0.82 at 5 years). Patients were undernourished and BMI percentiles did not differ between groups (30.7% vs 43.4%, p = 0.32 at baseline, 37.9% vs. 37.6%, p = 0.98 at 5 years). There was no difference in the pulmonary exacerbation rate (3.0/year vs 2.5/year, p = 0.34). Genotyping showed diverse genetic strains between patients. CONCLUSIONS Inquilinus can present in childhood and is often associated with chronic infection in CF. Lung function and nutrition status at time of detection, lung function decline, and pulmonary exacerbation rates in Inquilinus cases were similar to those with chronic P. aeruginosa, a well-established CF pathogen.

中文翻译：

---

囊性纤维化中与 Inquilinus 感染相关的临床特征和结果

背景技术分子诊断已经导致囊性纤维化(CF)中包括Inquilinus在内的广泛细菌种类的鉴定。Inquilinus 在 CF 中的临床意义尚未完全确定。方法 对来自两个 CF 中心的 CF 患者进行回顾性病例对照研究，其中至少一种呼吸道培养物对 Inquilinus spp 呈阳性。与具有慢性铜绿假单胞菌的年龄匹配的 CF 对照相比。在一秒钟内预测的用力呼气量百分比 (ppFEV1) 和体重指数百分位数 (BMI) 从第一次培养阳性到 5 年后进行建模。比较了肺部恶化的发生率。对 Inquilinus 分离株进行基因分型以评估菌株多样性。结果 17 名 Inquilinus 感染患者在首次培养阳性时的平均年龄为 13 岁。大多数病例有多种培养物对 Inquilinus 呈阳性。ppFEV1 在病例与对照组之间没有差异（80.2% 对 81.6%，基线时 p = 0.97，67.5% 对 73.3%，5 年时 p = 0.82）。患者营养不良，各组之间的 BMI 百分位数没有差异（30.7% 对 43.4%，基线时 p = 0.32，37.9% 对 37.6%，5 年时 p = 0.98）。肺部恶化率没有差异（3.0/年 vs 2.5/年，p = 0.34）。基因分型显示患者之间存在不同的遗传菌株。结论 Inquilinus 可出现在儿童期，并且通常与 CF 的慢性感染有关。检测时肺功能和营养状况，肺功能下降，