Background

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) remains a common complication of preterm birth. Both historically and in current practice, radiologic evaluation of the lungs has an important role in assessing disease severity and complications.

Aim

To provide an overview of imaging techniques for detecting lung abnormalities in patients with BPD in all age ranges.

Methods

A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library. Records were screened by title and abstract and then by full text. A total of 37 records were selected and included in this qualitative literature overview.

Results

Computed tomography (CT) was the most commonly used imaging modality, followed by chest radiography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Several qualitative and quantitative scoring systems were presented and most showed good correlation with BPD severity. The association with functional and clinical outcomes was only rarely reported, showing varying correlation with spirometry results and respiratory exacerbations. MRI is an upcoming imaging technique for BPD that is technically feasible, showing clear differences in the lung parenchyma of patients with BPD.

Conclusion

Several imaging and scoring methods indicate that lung imaging continues to play a role in BPD care. Standardization and correlation with functional and clinical outcomes will become increasingly important for further research.

中文翻译：

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支气管肺发育不良的肺部成像：系统评价。

背景

支气管肺发育不良（BPD）仍然是早产的常见并发症。在历史上和当前的实践中，肺部放射学评估在评估疾病的严重程度和并发症方面都具有重要作用。

目标

提供用于在所有年龄段的BPD患者中检测肺部异常的成像技术的概述。

方法

在PubMed，Web of Science和Cochrane图书馆中进行了系统的文献检索。记录按标题和摘要进行筛选，然后按全文进行筛选。总共选择了37条记录，并将其包括在此定性文献概述中。

结果

计算机断层扫描（CT）是最常用的成像方式，其次是胸部放射线照相和磁共振成像（MRI）。提出了几种定性和定量评分系统，大多数系统与BPD严重程度具有良好的相关性。与功能和临床结局的关联很少被报道，显示出与肺活量测定结果和呼吸道恶化的相关性。MRI是即将出现的BPD成像技术，在技术上是可行的，显示BPD患者的肺实质存在明显差异。

结论

几种成像和评分方法表明，肺部成像在BPD护理中继续发挥作用。标准化以及与功能和临床结果的关联对于进一步的研究将变得越来越重要。