Abstract Increased use of color dyes in textile industries resulted in great needs of treating dye-containing wastewater. As such, researches and developments for effective removal of dyes from wastewater have been conducted extensively and good progresses have already been made. However, there are still needs to understand the mechanisms of interactions between dyes and solids and to evaluate factors controlling such interactions. In this study, the interactions between different types of clay minerals and rhodamine B (RhB), a zwitterionic dye, were examined under different physic-chemical conditions. The solution pH, ionic strengths, and temperature had minimal influence of RhB uptake on these clay minerals. Uptake of RhB was limited to the external surfaces for the non-swelling clay minerals kaolinite and palygorskite. In contrast, both external and interlayer spaces are responsible for the uptake of RhB on swelling clay mineral montmorillonite. The RhB molecules intercalated into the interlayer of montmorillonite may adopt a monolayer or a bilayer configuration under low and high uptake levels. Under neutral pH condition, the RhB molecules exist as zwitterionic species in solution. The extensive uptake of RhB by the clay minerals, up to their cation exchange capacity (CEC) values, was attributed to electrostatic interactions between cationic end of the amine and the negatively charged clay minerals surfaces. The significant RhB uptake suggested that clay minerals are also good sorbents for the removal of zwitterionic dyes.

中文翻译：

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两性离子染料罗丹明 B (RhB) 对不同类型粘土矿物的吸收

摘要 随着彩色染料在纺织工业中使用的增加，对处理含染料废水的需求越来越大。因此，有效去除废水中染料的研究和开发已广泛进行，并已取得良好进展。然而，仍然需要了解染料和固体之间相互作用的机制，并评估控制这种相互作用的因素。在这项研究中，在不同的物理化学条件下检查了不同类型的粘土矿物和罗丹明 B (RhB)（一种两性离子染料）之间的相互作用。溶液 pH 值、离子强度和温度对这些粘土矿物的 RhB 吸收影响最小。RhB 的吸收仅限于非膨胀粘土矿物高岭石和坡缕石的外表面。相比之下，外部和层间空间都负责在膨胀粘土矿物蒙脱石上吸收 RhB。嵌入蒙脱石夹层的RhB分子在低吸收水平和高吸收水平下可采用单层或双层结构。在中性 pH 条件下，RhB 分子以两性离子形式存在于溶液中。粘土矿物对 RhB 的广泛吸收，直至其阳离子交换容量 (CEC) 值，归因于胺的阳离子末端与带负电荷的粘土矿物表面之间的静电相互作用。显着的 RhB 吸收表明粘土矿物也是去除两性离子染料的良好吸附剂。嵌入蒙脱石夹层的RhB分子在低吸收水平和高吸收水平下可采用单层或双层结构。在中性 pH 条件下，RhB 分子以两性离子形式存在于溶液中。粘土矿物对 RhB 的广泛吸收，直至其阳离子交换容量 (CEC) 值，归因于胺的阳离子末端与带负电荷的粘土矿物表面之间的静电相互作用。显着的 RhB 吸收表明粘土矿物也是去除两性离子染料的良好吸附剂。嵌入蒙脱石夹层的RhB分子在低吸收水平和高吸收水平下可采用单层或双层结构。在中性 pH 条件下，RhB 分子以两性离子形式存在于溶液中。粘土矿物对 RhB 的广泛吸收，直至其阳离子交换容量 (CEC) 值，归因于胺的阳离子末端与带负电荷的粘土矿物表面之间的静电相互作用。显着的 RhB 吸收表明粘土矿物也是去除两性离子染料的良好吸附剂。高达它们的阳离子交换容量 (CEC) 值，归因于胺的阳离子末端和带负电荷的粘土矿物表面之间的静电相互作用。显着的 RhB 吸收表明粘土矿物也是去除两性离子染料的良好吸附剂。高达它们的阳离子交换容量 (CEC) 值，归因于胺的阳离子末端和带负电荷的粘土矿物表面之间的静电相互作用。显着的 RhB 吸收表明粘土矿物也是去除两性离子染料的良好吸附剂。