The documentation of hybrids between distantly related taxa can illustrate an initial step to explain how genes might move between species that do not exhibit complete reproductive isolation. In birds, some of the most phylogenetically distant hybrid combinations occur between genera. Traditionally, morphological and plumage characters have been used to assign the identity of the parental species of a putative hybrid, although recently, nuclear introns also have been used. Here, we demonstrate how high-throughput short-read DNA sequence data can be used to identify the parentage of a putative intergeneric hybrid, in this case between a blue-winged warbler (Vermivora cyanoptera) and a cerulean warbler (Setophaga cerulea). This hybrid had mitochondrial DNA of a cerulean warbler, indicating the maternal parent. For hundreds of single nucleotide polymorphisms within six regions of the nuclear genome that differentiate blue-winged warblers and golden-winged warblers (Vermivora chrysoptera), the hybrid had roughly equal ancestry assignment to blue-winged and cerulean warblers, suggesting a blue-winged warbler as the paternal parent species and demonstrating that this was a first generation (F₁) hybrid between these species. Unlike other recently characterized intergeneric warbler hybrids, this individual hybrid learned to song match its maternal parent species, suggesting that it might have been the result of an extra-pair mating and raised in a cerulean warbler nest.

中文翻译：

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新世界木材鸣鸟中属间杂种的基因组鉴定（Aves：Parulidae）

远亲分类群之间杂种的文献记载可以说明第一步，以解释基因如何在没有完全繁殖分离的物种之间移动。在鸟类中，一些在系统发育上最远的杂种组合发生在属之间。传统上，形态和羽毛特征已被用于分配推定杂种的亲本物种的身份，尽管最近也使用了核内含子。在这里，我们演示了如何使用高通量的短读DNA序列数据来鉴定假定的属间杂种的亲缘关系，在这种情况下，这种杂交种是蓝翅莺（Vermivora cyanoptera）和天蓝色莺（Setophaga cerulea）之间的）。该杂种具有天蓝色莺的线粒体DNA，表明其母体。对于核基因组六个区域内数百个区分蓝翅莺和金翅莺（Vermivora chrysoptera）的数百个单核苷酸多态性，杂种在蓝翅莺和蔚蓝莺之间的祖先分配大致相同，这表明蓝翅莺作为父本物种，并证明这是这些物种之间的第一代（F ₁）杂种。与其他最近鉴定的属间莺莺杂种不同，这种个体杂种学会了与其母本物种进行歌唱，这表明它可能是一对超配对的结果，并在蔚蓝的莺巢中长大。