Adult myogenesis is dependent on a population of precursor cells, located between the sarcolemma and the basal lamina of the muscle fiber. These satellite cells, usually present in a quiescent state, become activated in response to mechanical muscle strain, differentiating and fusing to add new nuclei to enlarging muscles. As their myogenic lineage commitment is induced on demand, muscle satellite cells exhibit a certain amount of plasticity, possibly being able to be directed to differentiate into non-myogenic fates. In this study, myosatellite cells were isolated from chicken muscle samples, characterized in vitro and introduced into developing blastoderms. They were further investigated using fluorescence microscopy, immunohistochemistry and PCR, to determine their location in embryos after three and eighteen days. The results of the in vitro analysis confirmed that the cells obtained from the Pectoralis thoracicus are highly myogenic, based on the expression of Pax7, Myogenin, MyoD, Desmin and the myotube assay. Furthermore, the investigation of satellite cells within the embryo showed their migration to the regions of Pectoralis thoracicus, heart, liver, gizzard, proventriculus, intestine and brain. Overall, the results of the study proved the high myogenicity of chicken Pectoralis thoracicus cell isolates, as well as provided new information about their migration pathways following introduction into the blastocyst. The presence of the introduced LacZ or eGFP transgenes across the embryo, even 20 days after myosatellite cell injection, further supports the notion that satellite cells exhibit significant plasticity, potentially transdifferentiating into non-muscle lineages.

中文翻译：

---

禽卫星细胞可塑性。

成年肌生成依赖于位于肌膜和肌纤维基底层之间的前体细胞群。这些卫星细胞通常以静止状态存在，它们会响应机械性肌肉劳损而激活，分化并融合以向扩大的肌肉中增加新的细胞核。由于按需诱导其肌源性谱系承诺，因此肌肉卫星细胞表现出一定程度的可塑性，可能能够定向分化为非肌源性命运。在这项研究中，从鸡的肌肉样本中分离了异卫星细胞，对其进行了体外表征，并引入发育中的胚盘。使用荧光显微镜，免疫组织化学和PCR进一步研究了它们，以确定它们在三天和十八天后在胚胎中的位置。根据Pax7，Myogenin，MyoD，Desmin和肌管测定的表达，胸大肌是高度成肌的。此外，对胚胎内卫星细胞的研究表明它们迁移到胸大肌，心脏，肝脏、,、前胃，肠和脑区域。总体而言，研究结果证明了鸡胸大肌的高成肌性细胞分离物，以及在引入胚泡后提供有关其迁移途径的新信息。甚至在注入异源卫星细胞后20天，整个胚胎中引入的LacZ或eGFP转基因的存在，进一步支持了卫星细胞显示出显着可塑性，并有可能转分化为非肌肉谱系的观点。