An ensemble‐based data assimilation framework for a coupled ocean–atmosphere model is applied to investigate the influence of assimilating different types of ocean observations on the ocean and atmosphere simulation. The data assimilation is performed with the parallel data assimilation framework (PDAF) for the climate model AWI‐CM. Observations of the ocean, namely satellite sea‐surface temperature (SST) and temperature and salinity profiles, are assimilated into the ocean component. The atmospheric state is only influenced by the model dynamics. Different assimilation scenarios were carried out with different combinations of observations to investigate to what extent the assimilation into the coupled model leads to a better estimation of the state of the ocean as well as the atmosphere. The influence of the data assimilation is assessed by comparing the ocean prediction with dependent and independent ocean observations. For the atmosphere, the assimilation result is compared with the ERA‐Interim atmospheric reanalysis data. The ocean temperature and salinity are improved by all the assimilation scenarios in the coupled system. The assimilation leads to a response of the atmosphere throughout the troposphere and impacts the global atmospheric circulation. Globally the temperature and wind speed are improved in the atmosphere on average.

中文翻译：

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通过吸收卫星海表温度和地下剖面数据，在海洋-大气耦合模型中改善海洋和大气

一个基于集合的数据同化框架，用于海洋-大气耦合模型，用于研究同化不同类型的海洋观测对海洋和大气模拟的影响。使用气候模型AWI-CM的并行数据同化框架（PDAF）进行数据同化。对海洋的观测，即卫星海表温度（SST）以及温度和盐度剖面，被同化为海洋成分。大气状态仅受模型动力学的影响。使用不同的观察值组合进行了不同的同化方案，以研究对耦合模型的同化可以在多大程度上更好地估计海洋和大气的状况。通过将海洋预测与相关和独立海洋观测值进行比较，可以评估数据同化的影响。对于大气，将同化结果与ERA-Interim大气再分析数据进行比较。通过耦合系统中的所有同化方案，可以改善海洋温度和盐度。同化作用导致整个对流层的大气响应，并影响全球大气环流。在全球范围内，大气中的温度和风速平均得到改善。同化作用导致整个对流层的大气响应，并影响全球大气环流。在全球范围内，大气中的温度和风速平均得到改善。同化作用导致整个对流层的大气响应，并影响全球大气环流。在全球范围内，大气中的温度和风速平均得到改善。