Sepiapterin reductase, a homodimer composed of two subunits, plays an important role in the biosynthesis of tetrahydrobiopterin. Furthermore, sepiapterin reductase exhibits a wide distribution in different tissues and is associated with many diseases, including brain dysfunction, chronic pain, cardiovascular disease and cancer. With regard to drugs targeting sepiapterin reductase, many compounds have been identified and provide potential methods to treat various diseases. However, the underlying mechanism of sepiapterin reductase in many biological processes is unclear. Therefore, this article summarized the structure, distribution and function of sepiapterin reductase, as well as the relationship between sepiapterin reductase and different diseases, with the aim of finding evidence to guide further studies on the molecular mechanisms and the potential clinical value of sepiapterin reductase. In particular, the different effects induced by the depletion of sepiapterin reductase or the inhibition of the enzyme suggest that the non‐enzymatic activity of sepiapterin reductase could function in certain biological processes, which also provides a possible direction for sepiapterin reductase research.

中文翻译：

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Sepaapterin还原酶：在疾病中的特征和作用。

Sepaapterin还原酶是由两个亚基组成的同型二聚体，在四氢生物蝶呤的生物合成中起重要作用。此外，Sepaapterin还原酶在不同组织中分布广泛，并与许多疾病有关，包括脑功能障碍，慢性疼痛，心血管疾病和癌症。关于靶向Sepaapterin还原酶的药物，已经鉴定了许多化合物，并提供了治疗各种疾病的潜在方法。但是，在许多生物学过程中Sepaapterin还原酶的潜在机制尚不清楚。因此，本文总结了Sepaapterin还原酶的结构，分布和功能，以及Sepiapterin还原酶与不同疾病的关系，目的是寻找证据，以指导进一步研究Sepaapterin还原酶的分子机制和潜在的临床价值。尤其是，由Sepaapterin还原酶的耗竭或抑制酶引起的不同作用提示Sepaapterin还原酶的非酶活性可能在某些生物学过程中起作用，这也为Sepaapterin还原酶的研究提供了可能的方向。