Abstract Nanoscale materials with an organized geometry, especially when shaped as nanorods (NRs), exhibit strong potential to influence the cancer cells as a consequence of their high surface-to-volume ratio and adequate reactivity. Nanostructured materials easily enter various types of cells and proteins and can detect and regulate various biological entities. The current work reports the preparation of zinc oxide (ZnO) NRs via a solution process and their subsequent use to diminish the myoblast (C2C12) cancer cells. The NRs were well characterized by instruments such as X-ray diffraction, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and UV–vis spectroscopy. The NRs were used to treat cancer cells with various incubation periods (24, 48, and 72 h). The cell death percentage after exposure to different concentration of NRs (500 ng/mL, 1000 ng/mL, and 5 μg/mL) with different incubation periods (24, 48, and 72 h) was examined through MTT assays; the morphology of stained cells was observed by confocal laser scanning microscopy. The influence of the NRs was also studied by RNA expression, which revealed that the genes (caspase 3 and 7) were upregulated. A mechanism is also proposed on the basis of the acquired results.

中文翻译：

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氧化锌纳米结构：对抗癌细胞的动力

摘要 具有有组织几何形状的纳米级材料，特别是当其形状为纳米棒 (NRs) 时，由于其高表面积与体积比和足够的反应性，表现出影响癌细胞的强大潜力。纳米结构材料很容易进入各种类型的细胞和蛋白质，可以检测和调节各种生物实体。目前的工作报告了通过溶液过程制备氧化锌 (ZnO) NRs 及其随后用于减少成肌细胞 (C2C12) 癌细胞的用途。通过 X 射线衍射、场发射扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱和紫外-可见光谱等仪器对 NR 进行了很好的表征。NRs 用于治疗具有不同潜伏期（24、48 和 72 小时）的癌细胞。通过 MTT 分析检测暴露于不同浓度 NRs（500 ng/mL、1000 ng/mL 和 5 μg/mL）和不同潜伏期（24、48 和 72 小时）后的细胞死亡百分比；通过共聚焦激光扫描显微镜观察染色细胞的形态。还通过 RNA 表达研究了 NR 的影响，这表明基因（半胱天冬酶 3 和 7）被上调。还根据获得的结果提出了一种机制。