Background

With the advent of Mobility-as-a-Service packages to reduce car usage and (by extension) greenhouse gas emissions, it is crucial that researchers and practitioners consider mutual determinants and outcomes that link the adoption of multiple alternative modes. This study therefore investigates the joint usage of active travel (walking, cycling, bike-sharing) and public transit (bus, rail) modes with respect to personal and situational contexts.

Methods

Online survey data (n = 826) were collected across six Midwestern U.S. states using Amazon MTurk. Respondents indicated their average weekly usage of eight travel modes across three trip purposes so that multimodality could be assessed. Several psychological constructs were extracted via (a) the stages of change framework, used to indicate willingness to adopt new behavior, and (b) confirmatory factor analysis conducted on Likert scales rooted in theories of community, identity, norms, personality, and well-being. A multiple-indicators multiple-causes structural equation model is then employed to investigate the process of adopting a modality style that incorporates active and transit modes.

Results

The model confirms that compatible physical and social contexts, as well as navigational skills and openness to learning, are key primers of multimodalism. However, a path juncture stemming from neighborhood support for mobility innovation illustrates a potential polarity in outcomes between individuals and communities. In addition, the stage of active mobility adoption is linked to identity and norm activation, offering further guidance on what influences readiness for change.

Conclusions

The seamless integration of mobility services is critical to matching the convenience and comfort of the private vehicle; understanding potential pathways to sustainable mobility, though, requires analyses and interventions that are driven by well-being outcomes and grounded in rigorous psychological frameworks. The research findings offer practical guidance for identifying intervention opportunities to be linked with MaaS enrollment while demonstrating the need to illuminate how mobility might relate to social cohesion, identity expression, and various sources of satisfaction.

中文翻译：

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调查主动运输和公共交通使用之间的相互联系，以此作为采用移动即服务的基础知识

背景

随着“服务即服务”套餐的出现，以减少汽车使用和（进而）减少温室气体的排放，至关重要的是，研究人员和从业人员必须考虑将多种替代模式的采用联系起来的共同决定因素和结果。因此，本研究调查了针对个人和情景环境的主动出行（步行，骑自行车，共享单车）和公共交通（公共汽车，铁路）模式的联合使用。

方法

使用Amazon MTurk在美国中西部六个州收集了在线调查数据（n = 826）。受访者表示，他们在三种出行目的中平均每周使用八种出行方式，以便评估多式联运。通过（a）变更框架的各个阶段，用来表明愿意采用新行为的方式，以及（b）对Likert量表进行的验证性因素分析，提取了几种心理构想，这些量表根植于社区，身份，规范，性格和健康的理论存在。然后采用多指标多原因结构方程模型来研究采用结合了主动模式和过渡模式的模态样式的过程。

结果

该模型证实，兼容的身体和社会环境以及导航技能和开放学习能力是多模式主义的关键入门。但是，邻里对交通创新的支持产生了一个路径关口，说明了个人和社区之间成果的潜在极性。此外，主动采用移动技术的阶段与身份和规范激活相关联，为进一步影响变革准备程度提供了进一步的指导。

结论

移动服务的无缝集成对于匹配私人车辆的便利性和舒适性至关重要。但是，要了解可持续交通的潜在途径，就需要进行分析和干预措施，这些措施和干预措施应由幸福感驱动，并以严格的心理框架为基础。研究结果为确定与MaaS注册相关的干预机会提供了实用指导，同时表明有必要阐明流动性可能如何与社会凝聚力，身份表达和各种满意度相关联。