Aqueous and ethanolic extracts of drumstick, Moringa oleifera, leaves were evaluated in vitro to ascertain their principal active components and determine their immunostimulant, cytotoxic, antitumoral, bactericidal and antioxidant activities. Phytochemical screening of M. oleifera leaf extracts showed a greater abundance of phenolic and cyanogenic glycosides in aqueous than in ethanolic extracts, characterized by several flavonoids, condensed tannins and saponins. No significant effects on gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) head-kidney leucocyte activities (phagocytic ability and capacity, respiratory burst and peroxidase) were detected after incubation for 24 h with different concentrations (0.001/1 mg mL⁻¹) of either extract. In addition, the aqueous extract showed a marked cytotoxic effect on both SAF-1 (at doses above 0.01 mg mL⁻¹) and PLHC-1 (at doses above 0.25 mg mL⁻¹) cell lines. The ethanolic extract improved the viability of SAF-1 cells and decreased the viability of PLHC-1 cells when used at higher concentrations. Both the ethanolic and, particularly, the aqueous extracts showed significant bactericidal activity on pathogenic Vibrio anguillarum and Photobacterium damselae strains. The antiradical activity of M. oleifera, as determined by the ABTS assay, increased in a linear dose-response with increasing extract concentrations. The results as a whole for the cytotoxic, bactericidal and antioxidant activities of M. oleifera leaf extracts point to their possible use as additives in functional diets for farmed fish.

体外评估了鸡腿，辣木叶片的水提取物和乙醇提取物，以确定其主要活性成分，并确定了它们的免疫刺激，细胞毒性，抗肿瘤，杀菌和抗氧化活性。植物油橄榄叶提取物的植物化学筛选显示，其水溶液中的酚类和氰基糖苷含量比乙醇提取物中的丰富，其特征在于几种类黄酮，缩合的单宁和皂苷。在不同浓度（0.001 / 1 mg mL ^-1）孵育24小时后，未检测到对金头鲷（Sparus aurata）的头部肾脏白细胞活性（吞噬能力和能力，呼吸爆发和过氧化物酶）有显着影响。）的任一提取物。另外，水提取物对SAF-1（高于0.01mgmL ^-1的剂量）和PLHC-1（高于0.25mgmL ^-1的剂量）细胞系均显示出明显的细胞毒性作用。当以较高浓度使用时，乙醇提取物改善了SAF-1细胞的活力，并降低了PLHC-1细胞的活力。乙醇提取物，特别是含水提取物，均对致病性鳗弧菌和丹毒杆菌菌株具有显着的杀菌活性。油茶的抗自由基活性如ABTS分析所确定的，随着提取物浓度的增加，其线性剂量响应也增加。总体而言，油橄榄叶提取物具有细胞毒性，杀菌和抗氧化活性的结果表明，它们有可能用作养殖鱼类功能性饲料的添加剂。