Osteoarthritis (OA) is a joint disease characterized by degeneration of cartilage, intra-articular inflammation, remodeling of subchondral bone and joint pain. The present study was designed to assess the therapeutic effects and the possible underlying mechanism of action of Manjarix, a herbal combination composed of ginger and turmeric powder extracts, on chemically induced osteoarthritis in rats. An OA model was generated by intra-articular injection of 50 μL (40 mg mL⁻¹) of monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) into the right knee joint of rats. After one week of osteoarthritis induction, a comparison of the anti-inflammatory efficacy of indomethacin at an oral dose of 2 mg kg⁻¹ daily for 4 successive weeks versus five decremental dose levels of Manjarix (1000, 500, 250, 125, and 62.5 mg kg⁻¹) was performed. Serum inflammatory cytokines, interleukin 6, interleukin 8, and tumor necrosis factor alpha; C-telopeptide of type II collagen (CTX-II) and hyaluronic acid (HA) were measured, along with weekly assessment of the knee joint swelling. Pain-like behavior was assessed and knee radiographic and histological examination were performed to understand the extent of pain due to cartilage degradation. Manjarix significantly reduced the knee joint swelling, decreased the serum levels of IL6, TNF-α, CTX-II and HA, and reduced the pathological injury in joints, with no evidence of osteo-reactivity in the radiographic examination. Manjarix also significantly prevented MIA-induced pain behavior. These results demonstrate that Manjarix exhibits chondroprotective effects and can inhibit the OA pain induced by MIA, and thus it can be used as a potential therapeutic product for OA.

中文翻译：

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Manjarix在碘乙酸单钠诱发的骨关节炎大鼠模型中减轻了疼痛和关节肿胀。

骨关节炎（OA）是一种关节疾病，其特征是软骨退化，关节内炎症，软骨下骨重塑和关节痛。本研究旨在评估Manjarix（一种由生姜和姜黄粉提取物组成的草药组合）对大鼠化学诱导的骨关节炎的治疗效果和可能的潜在作用机理。通过将50μL（40 mg mL ^-1）碘乙酸单钠（MIA）关节内注射到大鼠的右膝关节中来生成OA模型。诱导骨关节炎一周后，比较吲哚美辛在连续2周每天口服2 mg kg ^-1的消炎功效与五种递增剂量的Manjarix（1000、500、250、125和62.5 mg kg ^-1）。血清炎性细胞因子，白介素6，白介素8和肿瘤坏死因子α；测量II型胶原蛋白C-端肽（CTX-II）和透明质酸（HA），并每周评估膝关节肿胀。评估疼痛样行为并进行膝关节X线照相和组织学检查，以了解由于软骨退化而引起的疼痛程度。Manjarix显着降低了膝关节肿胀，降低了血清IL6，TNF-α，CTX-II和HA的水平，并减轻了关节的病理损伤，但放射影像学检查未发现骨反应性。Manjarix还显着预防了MIA引起的疼痛行为。这些结果表明，Manjarix具有软骨保护作用，并且可以抑制MIA引起的OA疼痛，