Alopecia has several causes, but its relationship with ischemia/hypoxia has not yet been investigated in detail. In this study, we studied the changes of hair follicles induced by ischemia and potential effects of normobaric hyperoxygenation (NBO) on the hair cycle and growth. We found that skin ischemia reduced hair growth rate, hair shaft size, and its pigmentation in the anagen phase of mice, which may reflect an aspect of pathophysiology of hair loss (alopecia) and depigmentation (gray/white hairs). Hyperoxygenation increased hair growth rate in organ culture of both human and murine hair follicles. Systemic NBO promoted hair growth in early anagen and mid-anagen, and delayed catagen onset in mice. However, telogen-to-anagen transition was not affected by NBO as far as non-ischemic skin is concerned. The results of this study indicated that the hair follicle is very sensitive to oxygen tension and oxygen tension affects the regulation of hair growth and cycle in vitro and in vivo. It was suggested that systemic NBO can be safely applied for a long period and can be a noninvasive therapeutic approach to alter hair growth and cycle by manipulating the microenvironment of hair follicles.

脱发有多种原因，但其与缺血/缺氧的关系尚未详细研究。在这项研究中，我们研究了缺血引起的毛囊变化以及常压高氧 (NBO) 对头发周期和生长的潜在影响。我们发现皮肤缺血降低了小鼠毛发生长初期的毛发生长速度、毛干大小及其色素沉着，这可能反映了脱发（脱发）和色素脱失（灰/白头发）的病理生理学的一个方面。在人和鼠毛囊的器官培养中，高氧合增加了毛发生长速率。全身性 NBO 促进毛发生长初期和中期的毛发生长，并延迟小鼠的毛发生长初期。然而，就非缺血性皮肤而言，休止期到生长期的转变不受 NBO 的影响。本研究结果表明，毛囊对氧张力非常敏感，氧张力影响体外和体内毛发生长和周期的调节。有人提出全身性 NBO 可以安全地长期应用，并且可以是一种通过操纵毛囊微环境来改变头发生长和周期的无创治疗方法。