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Savannas after afforestation: Assessment of herbaceous community responses to wildfire versus native tree planting
Biotropica ( IF 2.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-30 , DOI: 10.1111/btp.12827
Thaís Haddad 1 , Ricardo Viani 2 , Mário Cava 3 , Giselda Durigan 4 , Joseph Veldman 5
Affiliation  

Afforestation and fire exclusion are pervasive threats to tropical savannas. In Brazil, laws limiting prescribed burning hinder the study of fire in the restoration of Cerrado plant communities. We took advantage of a 2017 wildfire to evaluate the potential for tree cutting and fire to promote the passive restoration of savanna herbaceous plant communities after destruction by exotic tree plantations. We sampled a burned pine plantation (Burned Plantation); a former plantation that was harvested and burned (Harvested & Burned); an unburned former plantation that was harvested, planted with native trees, and treated with herbicide to control invasive grasses (Native Tree Planting); and two old‐growth savannas which served as reference communities. Our results confirm that herbaceous plant communities on post‐afforestation sites are very different from old‐growth savannas. Among post‐afforestation sites, Harvested & Burned herbaceous communities were modestly more similar in composition to old‐growth savannas, had slightly higher richness of savanna plants (3.8 species per 50‐m2), and supported the greatest cover of native herbaceous plants (56%). These positive trends in herbaceous community recovery would be missed in assessments of tree cover: whereas canopy cover in the Harvested & Burned site was 6% (less than typical of savannas of the Cerrado), the Burned Plantation and Native Tree Planting supported 34% and 19% cover, respectively. By focusing on savanna herbaceous plants, these results highlight that tree cutting and fire, not simply tree planting and fire exclusion, should receive greater attention in efforts to restore savannas of the Cerrado.

中文翻译:

造林后的稀树草原:评估野火与本地植树对草本社区的反应

造林和防火是对热带稀树草原的普遍威胁。在巴西,限制规定燃烧的法律阻碍了塞拉多植物群落恢复中的火灾研究。我们利用2017年的一场野火来评估砍伐树木和大火的可能性,以促进热带稀树植物遭到破坏后热带稀树草原植物群落的被动恢复。我们采样了一个烧过的松树人工林(Burned Plantation);曾被砍伐和烧毁的旧种植园(收割和烧毁);砍伐的未烧毁的前人工林,将其种植,种植原生树并用除草剂处理以控制入侵性草(原生树种植);和两个旧的稀树草原作为参考社区。我们的结果证实,造林后地点的草本植物群落与古老的稀树草原有很大的不同。在造林后的地点中,收获和烧毁的草本群落在组成上与旧生长的稀树草原略有相似,稀树草原植物的丰度稍高(每50米中有3.8种)2),并支持最大的原生草本植物覆盖(56%)。在草木覆盖率的评估中,草本社区恢复的这些积极趋势将被忽略:而收割和焚烧现场的冠层覆盖率为6%(低于Cerrado的热带稀树草原的典型值),而人工林和原生树种植的支持率为34%,分别覆盖19%。通过着眼于热带稀树草原植物,这些结果突出表明,在恢复塞拉多热带稀树草原的努力中,砍伐树木和砍伐火种,而不仅仅是植树和排除火种,应引起更多关注。
更新日期:2020-07-30
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