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Mitochondrial pathways in human health and aging
Mitochondrion ( IF 4.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2020.07.007
Rebecca Bornstein 1 , Brenda Gonzalez 2 , Simon C Johnson 3
Affiliation  

Mitochondria are eukaryotic organelles known best for their roles in energy production and metabolism. While often thought of as simply the 'powerhouse of the cell,' these organelles participate in a variety of critical cellular processes including reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, regulation of programmed cell death, modulation of inter- and intracellular nutrient signaling pathways, and maintenance of cellular proteostasis. Disrupted mitochondrial function is a hallmark of eukaryotic aging, and mitochondrial dysfunction has been reported to play a role in many aging-related diseases. While mitochondria are major players in human diseases, significant questions remain regarding their precise mechanistic role. In this review, we detail mechanisms by which mitochondrial dysfunction participate in disease and aging based on findings from model organisms and human genetics studies.

中文翻译:

人类健康和衰老中的线粒体途径

线粒体是真核细胞器,以其在能量产生和代谢中的作用而闻名。虽然通常被认为只是“细胞的发电厂”,但这些细胞器参与了各种关键的细胞过程,包括活性氧 (ROS) 的产生、程序性细胞死亡的调节、细胞间和细胞内营养信号通路的调节,以及维持细胞蛋白质稳态。线粒体功能受损是真核细胞衰老的标志,据报道线粒体功能障碍在许多与衰老相关的疾病中起作用。虽然线粒体是人类疾病的主要参与者,但关于它们的确切机制作用仍然存在重大问题。在这次审查中,
更新日期:2020-09-01
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