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Impacts of growth temperature, water deficit and heatwaves on carbon assimilation and growth of cotton plants (Gossypium hirsutum L.)
Environmental and Experimental Botany ( IF 5.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.envexpbot.2020.104204
Ximeng Li , Wen Shi , Katie Broughton , Renee Smith , Robert Sharwood , Paxton Payton , Michael Bange , David T. Tissue

Abstract Increased variability in growing season climates continues to threaten the growth and yields of many crops. The impacts of individual climate stress conditions on crops has been documented frequently, yet how crops respond to multiple abiotic stress components is less well understood. Here, we report on the main and interactive effects of growth temperature, water deficit and a heatwave on leaf physiology and biomass production of cotton plants (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Plants were raised under two day/night growth temperature regimes (28/18 °C and 32/22 °C) and their corresponding nocturnal warming (+4 °C) scenarios (i.e. 28/22 °C and 32/26 °C). Following the emergence of the first square (flower bud), plants were subjected to two water treatments (well-watered and water deficit) until the beginning of the flowering stage, and then half of the plants in all temperature treatments were exposed to a 5-day heatwave treatment (40/26 °C). We found that elevated growth temperature increased growth rate (as defined by plant height) and leaf-level carbon gain, but decreased total aboveground biomass. Water deficit stress decreased leaf level carbon gain and biomass, but these impacts were generally less pronounced. Nocturnal warming moderately decreased leaf carbon gain for plants grown under the cool temperature regime (i.e. 28/18 °C), but not the warm temperature regime (i.e. 32/22 °C), and its impacts on biomass were also thermal regime specific. In contrast, leaf carbon gain was promoted by the heatwave under the cool daytime temperature treatment, but not the warm daytime temperature treatment. However, total aboveground biomass was less affected by the heatwave due to high resilience of gas exchange, although there was decreased fruit biomass. Overall, both short- and long-term increases in daytime temperature decreased cotton fruit biomass, while nocturnal warming had limited capacity to buffer that impact. Moderate soil water deficit will not strongly reduce carbon gain and growth. This study adds to the knowledge regarding the response of cotton plants to climate change and underscores the complexity of plant response to multiple environmental factors.

中文翻译:

生长温度、水分亏缺和热浪对棉花植物(Gossypium hirsutum L.)碳同化和生长的影响

摘要 生长季气候变化的增加继续威胁着许多作物的生长和产量。个体气候胁迫条件对作物的影响经常被记录在案,但作物如何对多种非生物胁迫成分做出反应却鲜为人知。在这里,我们报告了生长温度、水分亏缺和热浪对棉花植物(Gossypium hirsutum L.)的叶片生理和生物量产生的主要和相互作用的影响。在两个昼夜生长温度制度(28/18 °C 和 32/22 °C)及其相应的夜间变暖(+4 °C)情景(即 28/22 °C 和 32/26 °C)下培育植物. 在第一个正方形(花蕾)出现后,植物进行两次水处理(充分浇水和缺水),直到开花阶段开始,然后所有温度处理中的一半植物暴露于 5 天的热浪处理 (40/26 °C)。我们发现升高的生长温度增加了生长速率(由植物高度定义)和叶级碳增加,但降低了总地上生物量。缺水胁迫降低了叶片水平的碳增益和生物量,但这些影响通常不那么明显。夜间变暖适度降低了在凉爽温度制度(即 28/18 °C)下生长的植物的叶片碳增加,但不会降低温暖温度制度(即 32/22 °C),其对生物量的影响也是热制度特有的。相反,在凉爽的白天温度处理下,热浪促进了叶片碳的增加,但在温暖的白天温度处理下则没有。然而,由于气体交换的高弹性,总地上生物量受热浪的影响较小,尽管水果生物量减少。总体而言,白天温度的短期和长期升高都会降低棉花果实的生物量,而夜间变暖缓冲这种影响的能力有限。适度的土壤水分亏缺不会强烈减少碳的增加和生长。这项研究增加了关于棉花植物对气候变化的反应的知识,并强调了植物对多种环境因素的反应的复杂性。适度的土壤水分亏缺不会强烈减少碳的增加和生长。这项研究增加了关于棉花植物对气候变化的反应的知识,并强调了植物对多种环境因素的反应的复杂性。适度的土壤水分亏缺不会强烈减少碳的增加和生长。这项研究增加了关于棉花植物对气候变化的反应的知识,并强调了植物对多种环境因素的反应的复杂性。
更新日期:2020-11-01
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