OBJECTIVE To examine predictors of profiles of cognitive functioning among individuals receiving acute inpatient spinal cord injury (SCI) rehabilitation as well as associations between their cognitive functioning and psychological well-being (life satisfaction and depression) 6 months after the baseline assessment. DESIGN Prospective observational study design, with two assessments approximately 6 months apart. SETTING A rehabilitation unit at a Level 1 Trauma hospital during acute SCI hospitalization and outpatient setting after discharge. PARTICIPANTS Eighty-nine individuals with SCI. INTERVENTION None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Cognitive functioning (assessed by the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status), life satisfaction (measured by the Life Satisfaction Index A), and depressive symptoms (measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9). RESULTS Latent profile analysis identified three classes of individuals with similar patterns of cognitive functioning: Class1 (average levels of cognitive performance across all assessed domains; N= 48), Class2 (average cognitive performance, except in recall and memory; N= 23), and Class3 (low cognitive functioning across multiple domains of cognition; N= 18). Fewer years of education, history of smoking, history of substance (other than alcohol) use, and greater post-concussion symptoms were associated with higher odds of classification in Class3 (p< 0.05). Six months post-baseline, individuals in Class3 reported significantly lower levels of life satisfaction than individuals in Class1 (χ2(1)= 5.86, p=0.045) and marginally higher depressive symptoms than individuals in Class2 (χ2(1)= 5.48, p=0.057). CONCLUSIONS: The impact of impaired cognition during acute rehabilitation may persist after discharge and influence the psychological well-being of individuals with SCI. Identifying individuals with cognitive dysfunction and attending to modifiable risk factors and may help ameliorate maladjustment after SCI.

中文翻译：

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脊髓损伤个体的认知特征：预测因素和与心理健康的关系

目的 研究接受急性住院脊髓损伤 (SCI) 康复治疗的个体认知功能状况的预测因素，以及基线评估 6 个月后认知功能与心理健康（生活满意度和抑郁）之间的关联。设计 前瞻性观察研究设计，两次评估相隔大约 6 个月。在急性 SCI 住院期间和出院后的门诊环境中，在 1 级创伤医院设置康复单元。参与者 89 名 SCI 患者。干预 无。主要结果测量认知功能（由神经心理状态评估的可重复电池评估），生活满意度（由生活满意度指数 A 衡量），和抑郁症状（由 Patient Health Questionnaire-9 测量）。结果 潜在特征分析确定了三类具有相似认知功能模式的个体：Class1（所有评估领域的平均认知表现水平；N=48）、Class2（平均认知表现，除了回忆和记忆；N=23），和 Class3（跨多个认知领域的低认知功能；N=18）。受教育年数越少、吸烟史、物质（酒精除外）使用史和脑震荡后症状越严重，与分类为 Class3 的几率越高（p < 0.05）相关。基线后 6 个月，Class3 中的个体报告的生活满意度水平显着低于 Class1 中的个体（χ2(1)= 5.86，p=0。045) 和略高于 Class2 中的个体的抑郁症状 (χ2(1)= 5.48, p=0.057)。结论：急性康复期间认知受损的影响可能在出院后持续存在，并影响 SCI 患者的心理健康。识别具有认知功能障碍的个体并关注可改变的风险因素，可能有助于改善 SCI 后的适应不良。