Abstract Predictions of outdoor sound propagation in uncertain conditions are a challenging task. Evidence suggests that using more than one receiver can reduce the effect of uncertainties. This paper studies via numerical simulations the effects of uncertainty in the source/receiver geometry and impedance ground condition on the sound pressure ratio recorded using the two-microphone method. A Monte Carlo method is employed to study the effect of uncertainties in the range and ground parameters. The range and frequency are found to be key parameters which control the resultant probability density function for the absolute sound pressure ratio and phase difference. The introduction of small uncertainty only matters if the uncertainty is present in the distance between the source and receiver. Uncertainties in the impedance ground are found to have a negligible effect. The sound pressure ratio is affected by the uncertainty more strongly at a shorter range. These findings pave the way to the development of more robust methods for outdoor acoustic source localisation and identification from two-microphone data.

中文翻译：

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不确定室外声传播条件下双麦克风系统的压力比和相位差

摘要 不确定条件下室外声音传播的预测是一项具有挑战性的任务。有证据表明，使用多个接收器可以减少不确定性的影响。本文通过数值模拟研究了源/接收器几何形状和阻抗地面条件的不确定性对使用双麦克风方法记录的声压比的影响。采用蒙特卡罗方法研究距离和地面参数中的不确定性的影响。发现范围和频率是控制绝对声压比和相位差的合成概率密度函数的关键参数。仅当源和接收器之间的距离存在不确定性时，引入小不确定性才有意义。阻抗接地中的不确定性被发现具有可忽略的影响。在较短的范围内，声压比受不确定性的影响更大。这些发现为开发更强大的室外声源定位和识别两个麦克风数据的方法铺平了道路。